Gender Preselection in Humans? Flow Cytometric Separation of X and Y Spermatozoa for the Prevention of X-Linked Diseases

Johnson, Lawrence A.; Welch, G. Rickey; Keyvanfar, Keyvan; Dorfmann, Andrew; Fugger, Edward F.; Schulman, Joseph D.

doi:10.1097/00006254-199405000-00023

Cited by 32 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…The fluorescence method used here was not as accurate as the flow cytometric method [7,19] for predicting offspring gender. The use of DNA probes in conjunction with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) has shown that flow cytometric sorting is 82% accurate for sorting the X-sperm and 75% accurate for the Y-sperm [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Studies have shown that the X and Y sperm DNA content differ by about 2.7-2.8% [7,16]. Based on this difference in DNA content, a population of sperm with a high percentage of bright fluorescent sperm should correspond to an X predominant sperm population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A net negative charge [3,17] or the presence of expressed H-Y antigen in Y-sperm have also been presented [18]. A 2.8% difference in X-sperm DNA content over the Y-sperm is used for flow cytometric separation [7,16,19]. These methods are based on washed sperm, and information on sperm in seminal plasma is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sperm Velocity in Seminal Plasma and the Association With Gender of Offspring

Balli

Patton

Jacobson

et al. 2004

Archives of Andrology

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The gender of the offspring is determined by the fertilizing sperm. Previous gender studies were based on washed sperm, but not on sperm in seminal plasma. The objective was to correlate motility parameters assessed during semen analyses with the offspring gender. For comparison, fixed sperm head DNA quantitated by Hoechst 33342 fluorescence microscopy was also analyzed. Forty-six patients undergoing assisted reproduction procedures resulted in livebirth deliveries with either male or female-predominant offsprings. Sperm head fluorescence was weakly correlated to the gender in 61% of the cases. Sperm of patients with male offsprings had slower curvilinear (44.2 AE 1.8 mean AE SEM, versus, 49.9 AE 2.7 m=sec) and slower average path velocities (32.4 AE 1.2 versus 36.3 AE 1.7 m=sec). Using cut-off values for the curvilinear ( < 49 m=sec) and average path ( < 36 m=sec) velocities of sperm swimming in seminal plasma, the two parameters predicted 75 and 68% of the male offspring births, respectively. The data suggest that sperm movement in seminal plasma is a marker for factors that skew the ratio of the X-to Y-sperm populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sperm Velocity in Seminal Plasma and the Association With Gender of Offspring

Balli

Patton

Jacobson

et al. 2004

Archives of Andrology

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“…The two methods currently commercially available are sperm separation and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Even though the intended use of such technologies was to prevent the birth of children with sexlinked genetic disorders, these technologies are being increasingly used for preimplantation sex selection for nonmedical reasons (http://www.microsort.net/index.php, accessed March 1, 2007) [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preimplantation sex selection demand and preferences among infertility patients in Midwestern United States

Missmer

Jain

2007

J Assist Reprod Genet

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Purpose To determine the demand and preferences of infertility patients for sex selection for nonmedical reasons, and to investigate the relation between these choices and their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Methods A cross-sectional, self-administered survey by mail was conducted at a University hospital-based fertility center of 1,350 consecutive women who presented for infertility care, to assess patient demand and preferences for sex selection. Results Of respondents, 49% wanted to select the sex of their next child for no added cost. Of these patients, 56% had no living children and 37% had children all of one sex. After adjustment for observed predictors of gender preference, we found a significant preference for a female child among women who had only sons, had more living children, or were single. Nulliparous women did not significantly prefer one sex over the other. Among parous women, those with only daughters significantly desired to select a male child, whereas those with sons significantly desired to select a female child. Conclusion There is significant demand among infertility patients for preimplantation sex selection, with a significant portion of this demand coming from patients who do not have any children or have children all of one sex.

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“…Methods for the physical separation of cells based on DNA content have been developed (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). DNA staining of viable cells followed by flow cytometric analysis and sorting provides an ideal alternative approach for selecting and recovering cells from various phases of the cell cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of live cells in different phases of the cell cycle for gene expression analysis

2002

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BackgroundHomogeneity of cell populations is a basic requirement for gene expression analyses of the cell cycle, such as those based on microarrays. The most common approach to obtain specific populations is the use of synchronization methods that increase the number of cells representing a certain cell cycle stage. On the one hand, conventional synchronization usually causes undesirable effects. On the other hand, cell separation methods may imply loss of RNA quality, another limiting factor for expression profiling. We describe a new strategy to specifically separate live cells in different phases of the cell cycle (G1 and G2/M) to obtain good quality RNA for gene expression analyses.MethodsThe experimental design included sorting G1 and G2/M cells with the vital fluorochrome Hoechst 33342, followed by RNA isolation from the sorted cells.ResultsSorted living G1 and G2/M cells, analyzed by immunocytochemistry and laser scanning cytometry, showed strong enrichment. The quality and specificity of the isolated RNA were demonstrated by northern blot.ConclusionsThis new approach has many potential applications, such as expression profiling of specific cell populations after eliminating the irrelevant data produced by cells in other stages of the cycle. Cytometry 49:170–175, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Gender Preselection in Humans? Flow Cytometric Separation of X and Y Spermatozoa for the Prevention of X-Linked Diseases

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Sperm Velocity in Seminal Plasma and the Association With Gender of Offspring

Sperm Velocity in Seminal Plasma and the Association With Gender of Offspring

Preimplantation sex selection demand and preferences among infertility patients in Midwestern United States

Separation of live cells in different phases of the cell cycle for gene expression analysis

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