Gender Mainstreaming and Resistance to Gender Training: A Framework for Studying Implementation

Lombardo, Emanuela; Mergaert, Lut

doi:10.1080/08038740.2013.851115

Cited by 121 publications

(169 citation statements)

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“…A crucial obstacle to transform gender roles in care is the 'resistance' opposed to gender equality initiatives, that is inertial conducts that tend to maintain the status quo about gender equality (Verloo, 2018). To identify types of resistance we follow Lombardo and Mergaert (2013), who distinguish among implicit and explicit, gender and not gender-specific forms of resistance. Drawing on all the former, our research aims at understanding how actors relate with existing institutions and articulate framings to promote or hinder gender roles transformation toward equal sharing of care.…”

Section: Multilevel Judicial Implementation and The Transformation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drawing on all the former, our research aims at understanding how actors relate with existing institutions and articulate framings to promote or hinder gender roles transformation toward equal sharing of care. In our study we include 'resistance' within 'obstacles', that is institutions and framings that results in implicit opposition, negligence or non-action to maintain the status quo (Lombardo & Mergaert, 2013;Verloo, 2018). We call 'opportunities' available institutions, framings that actors intentionally or unintentionally allow by promoting equal sharing of care in practice.…”

Section: Multilevel Judicial Implementation and The Transformation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards equal sharing of care? Judicial implementation of EU equal employment and work–life balance policies in Spain

Barbera

Lombardo

2019

Policy and Society

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Discursive factors have not figured prominently in implementation research. This article fills this gap by addressing the material and discursive conflicts articulated around equality at workplace between women and men in multilevel judicial contexts. It studies obstacles to and opportunities for the judicial implementation of EU equal employment policies in Spain by analyzing two cases of parental rights to childcare litigated before Spanish and supranational courts, namely the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. The claimants are working parents who litigate for the recognition of their right to provide childcare. In judicial implementation multiple meanings about women, gender and intersectionality can be articulated and counteracted at different levels. Frame analysis of selected judicial documents and content analysis of legal proceedings and interviews show that simultaneous favorable institutions, framing, and actors are needed for implementing EU equal employment policies in a way that allows overcoming the gendered division of care and paid work. Distinguishing among 'women', 'gender' and 'intersectionality' approaches, we assess the extent to which the result of judicial implementation is the transformation of gender roles towards equal sharing of care. KEYWORDS equal employment policy; care and work-life balance; policy implementation; judicial litigation; European union CONTACT Emanuela Lombardo

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Section: Multilevel Judicial Implementation and The Transformation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multilevel Judicial Implementation and The Transformation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards equal sharing of care? Judicial implementation of EU equal employment and work–life balance policies in Spain

Barbera

Lombardo

2019

Policy and Society

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“…Recent research on WHEN GENDER TRAINING BACKLASHES 4 resistance in gender training has contributed with knowledge on challenges when implementing gender training in various settings and how these implementations and changes can be improved (e.g. Ferguson 2019;Lombardo & Mergaert, 2013;Verge et al, 2018). Such studies have shown how both institutional and individual resistance can take shape separately, but also how resistance can operate on both levels simultaneously in practice.…”

Section: Resistance In and Towards Gender Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Gender Training Backlashes: Participants’ Resistance and the Fragility of Commonsensical Feminism

Nordvall

Wieslander

2019

Adult Education Quarterly

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Feminist educators often encounter different forms of resistance from both male and female participants. This article uses a neo-Gramscian theoretical perspective to discuss the importance of considering this resistance when analyzing the relationship between pedagogical design and outcomes. The study draws on survey data and participant observation from a case study of a workshop designed to raise awareness of gender issues. The results from a before-and-after survey show that the workshop had the opposite effect to the one intended in terms of changes in the participants' perceptions of gender. Having a "failed case" as the center of attention, the article sheds light on the fragility of mainstream discourse on gender equality and the dilemmas of engaging in a struggle over common sense.

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“…The problem of resistance has been observed and discussed by different scholars (see , Lombardo and Mergaert 2013, Bergqvist et al 2013, Lee-Gosselin, Briere and Hawo 2013, to name just a few). Some researchers link resistance more to institutional features of organisational change and others to individual attitudes and values as well as processes of stratification and power.…”

Section: Resistance Towards Gender Equality Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are: the vagueness of gender equality objectives and resistance towards gender equality work (see also Mergaert 2012, Lombardo andMergaert 2013). These will be discussed in the following sections.…”

Section: The Impact Of Actors and Change Agencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Making equality work : Ambiguities, conflicts and change agents in the implementation of equality policies in public sector organisations

Callerstig¹

2014

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The overall aim of this study is to contribute to knowledge about the implementation of equality policies in public sector organisations. This is achieved through the development of a theoretical framework of feminist implementation studies. It involves the study of influential factors that impact upon the implementation process, with the aim of contributing to an understanding of the outcome of implementation processes within the equality policy field. The methodology used is based on qualitative case study research combined with a meta-analysis that allows for comparisons across cases. Four initiatives in the implementation of gender mainstreaming strategy were studied in different contexts, namely, two local municipalities and one government agency in Sweden. The main questions asked are: How was gender mainstreaming implemented? What were the main factors influencing the implementation process and why? What was the impact of change actors working to implement gender mainstreaming? The case studies were conducted using an interactive research approach where the different dilemmas encountered by the gender mainstreaming practitioners are used as a starting point for developing a joint learning process. The thesis comprises an introduction and five published papers. The main findings of the study include how the implementation process developed over time and the impact of the micropractices of the “gender mainstreamers” involved. The study provides insights into the factors influencing the implementation process, and how these factors change over time. Different types and levels of conflict, together and interlinked with different ambiguities, affect the practical work where dilemmas inherent in the concepts of “gender”, “equality” and “change” become central. Overall, the study shows how the specific preconditions for implementation of gender mainstreaming make the local arenas of implementation crucial for understanding the outcomes.Syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra till kunskapen om implementeringen av jämlikhetsstrategier i offentliga organisationer. Detta görs genom utvecklingen av ett teoretiskt ramverk för implementeringsstudier med ett feministiskt perspektiv. För att bidra till en ökad förståelse av de resultat som nås inom jämlikhetspolitiken studeras faktorer som påverkar implementeringsprocessen. Studien är baserad på kvalitativa fallstudier och en meta-analys som möjliggör jämförelser mellan fallstudierna. Fyra olika fall av implementering av jämställdhetsintegreringsstrategin har studerats utifrån olika kontexter; i två svenska kommuner och en statlig myndighet. Avhandlingens huvudsakliga frågeställningar är: Hur implementerades jämställdhetsintegreringsstrategin? Vilka var de huvudsakliga faktorer som påverkade implementeringsprocessen och varför? Hur påverkades processen av de förändringsaktörer som arbetade med att implementera strategin? Fallstudierna har genomförts med en interaktiv forskningsansats i vilken olika dilemman i det praktiska arbetet har använts som utgångspunkt för en gemensam...

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Gender Mainstreaming and Resistance to Gender Training: A Framework for Studying Implementation

Cited by 121 publications

References 13 publications

Towards equal sharing of care? Judicial implementation of EU equal employment and work–life balance policies in Spain

Towards equal sharing of care? Judicial implementation of EU equal employment and work–life balance policies in Spain

When Gender Training Backlashes: Participants’ Resistance and the Fragility of Commonsensical Feminism

Making equality work : Ambiguities, conflicts and change agents in the implementation of equality policies in public sector organisations

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