Gender lessons for climate initiatives: A comparative study of REDD+ impacts on subjective wellbeing

Larson, Anne M.; Solis, David; Duchelle, A.E.; Atmadja, S.; I.A.P., Resosudarmo.; Dokken, Therese; Komalasari, Mella

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.02.027

Cited by 68 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In this regard, equity and gender considerations in REDD+ are particularly important, especially in countries that are highly dependent on forest resources (e.g. Khadka et al 2014, Larson et al, 2018. Furthermore, in many areas access, use and control of forest resources are influenced by gendered power relations (Khadka et al, 2014;Larson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Khadka et al 2014, Larson et al, 2018. Furthermore, in many areas access, use and control of forest resources are influenced by gendered power relations (Khadka et al, 2014;Larson et al, 2018). Pham et al (2016) provide an insightful example from Vietnam where there are significant barriers to the participation of women in decision making on a national level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transforming forest landscape conflicts: the promises and perils of global forest management initiatives such as REDD+

Kane

Dhiaulhaq

Sapkota³

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Implementation of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) is designed to relieve pressure on tropical forests, however, many are concerned that it is a threat to the rights of forest communities. These potential risks need serious attention as earlier studies have shown that the Asia-Pacific region is a forest conflict hotspot, with many economic, environmental and social implications at global (e.g. climate change) to local levels (e.g. poverty). Drawing on an analysis of nine case studies from four countries (Cambodia, Myanmar, Nepal and Vietnam) this paper examines why and how REDD+ can be a driver for forest conflict and how it also has the potential to simultaneously transform these conflicts. The analytical framework, "sources of impairment", applied in the study was developed to increase understanding and facilitate the resolution of forest landscape conflicts in a sustainable manner (i.e. transformation). The main findings are that REDD+ can be a source of conflict in the study sites, but also had transformative potential when good practices were followed. For example, in some sites, the REDD+ projects were sources of impairment for forest communities by restricting access to forest resources. However, the research also identified REDD+ projects that enabled the participation of traditionally marginalized groups and built local forest management capacities, leading to strengthened tenure for some forest communities. Similarly, in some countries REDD+ has served as a mechanism to pilot Free, Prior and Informed Consent (FPIC), which will likely have significant impacts in mitigating conflicts by addressing the sources at local to national levels. Based on these findings, there are many reasons to be optimistic that REDD+ can address the underlying causes of forest landscape conflicts, especially when linked with other governance initiatives such as Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade -Voluntary Participation Agreements (FLEGT-VPA).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming forest landscape conflicts: the promises and perils of global forest management initiatives such as REDD+

Kane

Dhiaulhaq

Sapkota³

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some studies have found that benefits associated with REDD+, such as project-affiliated jobs or microcredit opportunities, have been given to women less often than men (Howson 2017, Samndong andKjosavik 2017). Further, a global study found that individuals in REDD+ communities saw decreased well-being compared to control communities, with women in REDD+ communities experiencing greater declines than men in the same communities (Larson et al 2018). Once again, Nepal stands out as having somewhat bucked this trend, as several studies of REDD+ pilot projects have found the country's policies around REDD+ implementation have been more successful at ensuring benefits are targeted to women (Maraseni et al 2014, Poudel et al 2015, Sharma et al 2017.…”

Section: Payments For Ecosystem Services (Pes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

How does gendered vulnerability shape the adoption and impact of sustainable livelihood interventions in an era of global climate change?

Call

Sellers

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Though many studies have long considered the broad social implications of climate change, researchers have only recently started to consider the gendered unevenness of the global landscape of vulnerability, exposure, and adaptive capacity to environmental stressors and shocks. Historically, policies and interventions addressing natural resource-based livelihoods have rarely considered underlying gender dynamics despite the global pervasiveness of gendered disparities in both economic opportunities and welfare outcomes. Methods/Design. Using two electronic databases, Web of Science and Scopus, we conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed academic literature describing livelihoods policies or interventions that included documentation of gendered impacts. We focused on natural resource-based livelihoods most likely to be affected by climate change, centering on interventions targeting agriculture, fisheries and aquaculture, and forestry. Review Results/ Synthesis. We identified 131 relevant articles, most of which focus on adoption or participation in interventions rather than outcomes. In general, women are less likely than men to engage with sustainable livelihoods interventions. When women do engage, some researchers have documented income and food security gains as well as improvements in environmental indicators in the shortterm. However, these initiatives have also been found to increase women's labor burden without corresponding gains in income. Few studies measure longer-term effects of women's engagement on welfare and environmental outcomes, a key gap in the literature. Additionally, relatively few studies explore the intersectional impacts of initiatives, such as the added burdens of ethnicity, class, education, or other differences that modify gender disparities. Discussion. Climate change has gendered impacts on natural resource-based livelihoods. In general, existing initiatives designed to increase livelihood resilience fail to reduce gender disparities and improve women's livelihoods. Greater attention should be paid to gender when designing sustainable livelihoods policies and interventions in order to increase adoption and participation, negotiate trade-offs, improve environmental conditions, and promote broadly beneficial welfare outcomes.

show abstract

“…(Pattanayak, Wunder, and Ferraro 2010). Evaluations of the effectiveness of project-level REDD+ initiatives have been conducted by the Center for International Forestry Research's Global Comparative Study on REDD+ using Before-After-Control-Impact methods (e.g., Bos et al 2017;Larson et al 2018). Evaluations of incentives to non-governments for non-forest outcomes (e.g., Gertler 2004;Duflo, Glennerster, and Kremer 2007) are numerous and beyond the scope of this paper to synthesize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring and evaluating the payment-for-performance premise of REDD+: the case of India’s ecological fiscal transfers

Busch

2018

Ecosyst Health Sustain

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: The central premise underlying international payments for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+) is that offering governments ex post payments for verified success in reducing emissions will motivate them to protect and restore forests. However, the extent to which performance-based payments motivate governments to protect and restore forests has yet to be evaluated quantitatively. Researchers have only quantitatively evaluated performance-based payments to non-governments for forest outcomes (e.g. payments for ecosystem services) and to governments for non-forest outcomes (e.g. results-based aid). Methods: We describe how researchers now have an opportunity to more easily evaluate performance-based payments to governments for forest outcomes thanks to India's new ecological fiscal transfers (EFTs), which provide $6-12 billion per year to Indian states in proportion to their forest cover. Discussion: India's EFTs differ from REDD+ programs in that they pay for states' stock of forest area in the recent past rather than reductions in the rate of forest carbon loss in the near-future. Nevertheless, India's EFTs focus on a single outcome and have many recipient governments, significant financial scale, lack of contemporaneous confounding policy changes, universal participation, and long-term data collection. Conclusion: These features make India's EFTs especially useful for testing the payment-forperformance premise of REDD+.

show abstract

Gender lessons for climate initiatives: A comparative study of REDD+ impacts on subjective wellbeing

Cited by 68 publications

References 17 publications

Transforming forest landscape conflicts: the promises and perils of global forest management initiatives such as REDD+

Transforming forest landscape conflicts: the promises and perils of global forest management initiatives such as REDD+

How does gendered vulnerability shape the adoption and impact of sustainable livelihood interventions in an era of global climate change?

Monitoring and evaluating the payment-for-performance premise of REDD+: the case of India’s ecological fiscal transfers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About