Gender gaps in life expectancy: generalized trends and negative associations with development indices in OECD countries

Liu, Yan; Arai, Asuna; Kanda, Koji; Lee, Romeo B.; Glasser, Jay H.; Tamashiro, Hiko

doi:10.1093/eurpub/cks049

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In our previous study, we found that most OECD member countries showed an inverted U‐curve pattern in GGLE whose peak values, between 1960 and 2008, were found in the 1970s or 1980s. However, Japan had a divergent trend (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Trends of gender gaps in life expectancy in Japan, 1947–2010: Associations with gender mortality ratio and a social development index

Liu

Arai

Obayashi

et al. 2012

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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The increased trend of GGLE in Japan could be partly explained by increased disease-specific mortality ratios (male/female), especially those involving chronic bronchitis and emphysema, diseases of the liver, suicide and cancer. The recent decline of GGLE might imply that Japanese women have been catching up with the lifestyle of men, resulting in similar mortality patterns. This calls for gender-sensitive approaches to developing policies and programs that will help sustain healthy lifestyles to combat smoking and alcohol intake, and social support to prevent suicide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Trends of gender gaps in life expectancy in Japan, 1947–2010: Associations with gender mortality ratio and a social development index

Liu

Arai

Obayashi

et al. 2012

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In many western countries this female advantage in mortality started to increase in the early decades of the 20th century [ 2 , 3 ] and rose rapidly during the 1950s and 1960s. In the final decades of the 20th century, however, the female advantage started to decline (e.g., [ 4 ]). In northwestern Europe, the female advantage in life expectancy at birth is currently about four to five years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adoption of Smoking and Its Effect on the Mortality Gender Gap in Netherlands: A Historical Perspective

Janssen

Poppel

2015

BioMed Research International

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We examine in depth the effect of differences in the smoking adoption patterns of men and women on the mortality gender gap in Netherlands, employing a historical perspective. Using an indirect estimation technique based on observed lung cancer mortality from 1931 to 2012, we estimated lifetime smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable mortality. We decomposed the sex difference in life expectancy at birth into smoking-related and nonsmoking-related overall and cause-specific mortality. The smoking epidemic in Netherlands, which started among men born around 1850 and among women from birth cohort 1900 onwards, contributed substantially to the increasing sex difference in life expectancy at birth from 1931 (1.3 years) to 1982 (6.7 years), the subsequent decline to 3.7 years in 2012, and the high excess mortality among Dutch men born between 1895 and 1910. Smoking-related cancer mortality contributed most to the increase in the sex difference, whereas smoking-related cardiovascular disease mortality was mainly responsible for the decline from 1983 onwards. Examining nonsmoking-related (cause-specific) mortality shed new light on the mortality gender gap and revealed the important role of smoking-related cancers, the continuation of excess mortality among women aged 40–50, and a smaller role of biological factors in the sex difference than was previously estimated.

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“…Life Expectancy (at birth or age 65) is a common health indicator used worldwide as an important measure in public health that captures quantitatively the survival aspect of the state of general population health. It also highlights both the progress and the gaps in total social and societal health [ 1 ]. In particular, life expectancy at birth (LE 0 ) is the estimated number of years a newborn can be expected to live given the prevailing mortality rates in the population, and it is closely related to the biological, environmental and social determinants of health [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life expectancy ranking of Canadians among the populations in selected OECD countries and its disparities among British Columbians

Zhang

Rasali

2015

Arch Public Health

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BackgroundCanada is among the world’s leading nations with the longest life expectancy at birth (LE0), and British Columbia (BC) ranks top among Canadian provinces and territories for LE0 in both men and women. This paper examined recent data as well as projected trends in LE0 of Canadian men and women and explored the geographic and socioeconomic disparities in LE0 specific to BC.MethodsUsing retrospective data on LE0 and age-standardized mortality rates, Canada was compared to 11 other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries with the longest LE0. Projections were made using linear regression modelling to the year of 2023. The association between regional LE0 and regional socioeconomic status (SES) was examined for the province of BC using its Local Health Area (LHA) level data on SES and LE0.ResultsIn 2009, Canadian men (LE0: 78.7 years) and women (LE0: 83.3 years) ranked 7th and 8th, respectively among the 12 OECD nations under comparison. Significantly smaller annual gains in LE0 contributed to the losing of their top ranks in LE0 for Canadian men and women in recent years, which was projected to sustain. Higher mortality risks, particularly for lung cancer and external causes of mortality among women was found for Canada compared to leading countries on these measures. Geographic variations were evident in LE0 in BC, and there was a significant gap of 3.6 years in the average LE0 for BC’s LHAs in the lowest SES tertile (78.6 years, 95% CI: 78.0-79.3) compared to those in the highest SES tertile (82.2 years, 95% CI: 81.6-82.8).ConclusionsCanada continues to remain one of the OECD countries with longest living population. With the highest LE0 in the country, British Columbia has an opportunity to address socio-economic disparities in LE0.

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Gender gaps in life expectancy: generalized trends and negative associations with development indices in OECD countries

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Trends of gender gaps in life expectancy in Japan, 1947–2010: Associations with gender mortality ratio and a social development index

Trends of gender gaps in life expectancy in Japan, 1947–2010: Associations with gender mortality ratio and a social development index

The Adoption of Smoking and Its Effect on the Mortality Gender Gap in Netherlands: A Historical Perspective

Life expectancy ranking of Canadians among the populations in selected OECD countries and its disparities among British Columbians

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