Gender differences in the association between childhood abuse and psychosis

Fisher, Helen L.; Morgan, Craig; Dazzan, Paola; Craig, T. K. J.; Morgan, Kevin; Hutchinson, Gerard; Jones, Peter B.; Doody, Gillian A.; Pariante, Carmine M.; McGuffin, Peter; Murray, Robin M.; Leff, Julian; Fearon, Paul

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.047985

Cited by 187 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In contrast, men were more likely to report medication/recreational drug use at the time of onset of voices. The former finding was consistent with previous work showing women being more likely than men to develop psychosis following some traumas (76,77). The latter finding was consistent with previous work which has found men being more likely than women to experience psychosis following cannabis use (78).…”

Section: Precursors and Adverse Life Experiencessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…We hypothesized that men and women might interpret voices differently, given the role of socio-cultural factors in the interpretation of voicehearing (75). We also hypothesized that men and women may have different rates of certain antecedents to their voice-hearing, given that women are more likely than men to develop psychosis following traumatic events (76,77), and that men are more likely than women to develop psychosis after using cannabis (78). The second aim of this study was to examine if the affect associated with hearing male voices differed to that associated with hearing female voices.…”

Section: A Quantitative Study Of Women Hearing Voicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Blackman¹

2015

Feminist Review

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This paper explores the experiences of women who "hear voices" (auditory verbal hallucinations). We begin by examining historical understandings of women hearing voices, showing these have been driven by androcentric theories of how women's bodies functioned leading to women being viewed as requiring their voices be interpreted by men. We show the twentieth century was associated with recognition that the mental violation of women's minds (represented by some voice-hearing) was often a consequence of the physical violation of women's bodies. We next report the results of a qualitative study into voice-hearing women's experiences (n = 8). This found similarities between women's relationships with their voices and their relationships with others and the wider social context. Finally, we present results from a quantitative study comparing voice-hearing in women (n = 65) and men (n = 132) in a psychiatric setting. Women were more likely than men to have certain forms of voice-hearing (voices conversing) and to have antecedent events of trauma, physical illness, and relationship problems. Voices identified as female may have more positive affect than male voices. We conclude that women voice-hearers have and continue to face specific challenges necessitating research and activism, and hope this paper will act as a stimulus to such work.

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Section: Precursors and Adverse Life Experiencessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: A Quantitative Study Of Women Hearing Voicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Blackman¹

2015

Feminist Review

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“…That is, they are concerned with material comforts or the acquisition of wealth and physical possessions, rather than with spiritual, cultural, or intellectual values. Historically, people of African descent have been disenfranchised and experience discrimination [33], which impacts their educational opportunities, employment and earning potential, living conditions and overall health; One would expect some degree of concern, even preoccupation, er, et al [26] study, which reveals a significant relationship between childhood abuse and psychosis. We found an unexpected negative correlation between childhood abuse and attenuated psychosis syndrome.…”

Section: Directions For Future Research and Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome in African American Young Adults: Ethnic Identity and Adverse Childhood Experiences

Monique¹,

C²,

L³

et al. 2018

Int J Psychol Psychoanal

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A variety of mental health problems in adulthood are related to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). By age 16, twothirds of children in the African American community report experiencing at least one traumatic event. The research field of ACEs is relatively young and current research accounts for less than half of ACE exposure types and their individual role in the development of mental illnesses like psychosis. Even fewer bodies of research explore cultural factors between ACEs and attenuated/subclinical psychotic symptoms. The purpose of this research was to explore how ethnic identity amongst African American young adults impacted the presentation and severity of subclinical psychotic symptoms, by way of ACE exposure. A convenience sample of 304 African American college students participated in this study. The results revealed that materialism and individualism subscales of Cultural Misorientation (CM), a measure of ethnic identity, mediated the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and subclinical psychotic symptoms in women. No association was found in men. The results suggest that clinicians and campus counselors should be aware of social cultural factors contributing to mental attenuate/subclinical psychotic symptoms.

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“…In addition, these biological differences may interact with gender-dimorphic sociocultural factors influencing the impact of childhood trauma on the brain-mind development and gene expression patterns. Actually, there is some evidence suggesting that sex differences might be relevant not only in terms of differential rates of childhood adversities (e.g., Tolin and Foa, 2006) and PEs (e.g., Maric et al, 2003), but also in the association between childhood trauma and psychosis phenotypes (Fisher et al, 2009;Garcia et al, 2016). Since sample 2 was composed of females only, this sex-specific effect could not be explored.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood trauma, BDNF Val66Met and subclinical psychotic experiences. Attempt at replication in two independent samples

Castro-Català

Nierop

Barrantes‐Vidal

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Childhood trauma exposure is a robust environmental risk factor for psychosis. However, not all exposed individuals develop psychotic symptoms later in life. The Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265) has been suggested to moderate the psychosis-inducing effects of childhood trauma in clinical and nonclinical samples. Our study aimed to explore the interaction effect between childhood trauma and the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on subclinical psychotic experiences (PEs). This was explored in two nonclinical independent samples: an undergraduate and technical-training school student sample (n=808, sample 1) and a female twin sample (n=621, sample 2). Results showed that childhood trauma was strongly associated with positive and negative PEs in nonclinical individuals. A BDNF Val66Met x childhood trauma effect on positive PEs was observed in both samples. These results were discordant in terms of risk allele: while in sample 1 Val allele carriers, especially males, were more vulnerable to the effects of childhood trauma regarding PEs, in sample 2 Met carriers presented higher PEs scores when exposed to childhood trauma, compared with Val carriers. Moreover, in sample 2, a significant interaction was also found in relation to negative PEs. Our study partially replicates previous findings and suggests that some individuals are more prone to develop PEs following childhood trauma because of a complex combination of multiple factors. Further studies including genetic, environmental and epigenetic factors may provide insights in this field.

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Gender differences in the association between childhood abuse and psychosis

Abstract: Reports of severe childhood physical or sexual abuse were associated with psychosis in women but not in men.

Cited by 187 publications

References 47 publications

Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Affective Politics, Debility and Hearing Voices: Towards a Feminist Politics of Ordinary Suffering

Risk Factors of Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome in African American Young Adults: Ethnic Identity and Adverse Childhood Experiences

Childhood trauma, BDNF Val66Met and subclinical psychotic experiences. Attempt at replication in two independent samples

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