Gender Differences in Religion: A Test of the Structural Location Theory

Vaus, David de; McAllister, Ian

doi:10.2307/2095292

Cited by 266 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our survey found that religion was more important for girls than boys (X2 = 13.4, df = 4, p < 0.01) -a trend similar to that found for adults (Davis, 1987-88;de Vaus and McAllister, 1987;Ulbrich and Wallace, 1984). One-fifth of the girls (21.5%) reported that religion is extremely important in their lives as compared with 15.8 percent of the boys.…”

Section: Perception Of the Importance Of Religionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Youth and Religion: The Gameboy Generation Goes to ``Church''

Cnaan

Gelles

Sinha

2004

Social Indicators Research

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Using the secularization theory and the Marxist notion of religion as masking class conscience one would expect the importance of religion and religious involvement today to wane and be limited to lower class members. To challenge this expectation, using a representative national telephone survey of 2004 youth (ages 11-18) and their parents, we attempt to answer the following two questions: How religious are teenagers, and what may explain variation in religious perception and involvement among teens. Findings suggest that religion remains perceived as very important by most teenagers and parents report that about two-thirds of teenagers attended a place of worship at least monthly and that two out of five attended a social group sponsored by a religious organization. These findings do not support the secularization theory. As expected, parental attendance of religious worship, teen's age, and teen's ethnicity and gender were significantly associated with three variables of religious behavior and attendance. In contrast to the Marxist notion of religion, measures of socio-economic status indicate that, in the contemporary United States, religious participation, but not beliefs, is largely the domain of the middle-upper classes. Disciplines ABSTRACTUsing the secularization theory and the Marxist notion of religion as masking class conscience one would expect the importance of religion and religious involvement today to wane and be limited to lower class members. To challenge this expectation, using a representative national telephone survey of 2004 youth (ages 11-18) and their parents, we attempt to answer the following two questions: How religious are teenagers, and what may explain variation in religious perception and involvement among teens. Findings suggest that religion remains perceived as very important by most teenagers and parents report that about two-thirds of teenagers attended a place of worship at least monthly and that two out of five attended a social group sponsored by a religious organization. These findings do not support the secularization theory. As expected, parental attendance of religious worship, teen's age, and teen's ethnicity and gender were significantly associated with three variables of religious behavior and attendance. In contrast to the Marxist notion of religion, measures of socio-economic status indicate that, in the contemporary United States, religious participation, but not beliefs, is largely the domain of the middle-upper classes.

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Section: Perception Of the Importance Of Religionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Youth and Religion: The Gameboy Generation Goes to ``Church''

Cnaan

Gelles

Sinha

2004

Social Indicators Research

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“…With respect to gender, women ascribed more experience to adult humans (E|r = 0.12), animals (E|r = 0.18), and babies (E|r = 0.18) than men did, potentially stemming from women possessing greater trait empathy (25). Additionally, women ascribed increased agency to God (A|r = 0.14), which is consistent with the relatively higher religiosity of women (26). Reported correlations are adjusted for gender where appropriate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Distortions of mind perception in psychopathology

Gray

Jenkins

Heberlein

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

133

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It has long been known that psychopathology can influence social perception, but a 2D framework of mind perception provides the opportunity for an integrative understanding of some disorders. We examined the covariation of mind perception with three subclinical syndromes-autism-spectrum disorder, schizotypy, and psychopathy-and found that each presents a unique mind-perception profile. Autism-spectrum disorder involves reduced perception of agency in adult humans. Schizotypy involves increased perception of both agency and experience in entities generally thought to lack minds. Psychopathy involves reduced perception of experience in adult humans, children, and animals. Disorders are differentially linked with the over-or underperception of agency and experience in a way that helps explain their real-world consequences.morality | empathy | theory of mind | transdiagnostic M ental disorders can reveal themselves in distortions of social perception. A person with a disorder may have difficulty understanding the goals of others, or in more profound cases, may ascribe life to inanimate objects or entirely fail to recognize mental states at all. Such distorted mind perception not only has consequences for sufferers of disorders and society at large, but may also help in understanding the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of psychopathology. In this research, we examine three subclinical syndromes associated with interpersonal difficulties: autism-spectrum disorder, schizotypy, and psychopathy. We predicted that each would be characterized by a unique pattern of distorted mind perception.Traditional approaches to psychopathology often treat individual disorders as separate entities, each with its own signs, symptoms, and etiology. Although this approach has made significant progress in defining and treating psychopathology, this compartmentalization of disorders belies the integrated nature of the mind. More recent research takes a "transdiagnostic" approach, characterizing separate disorders as different impairments of underlying cognitive systems (1). For example, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse all appear to be linked to disturbances of affect (2). We suggest that a number of disorders may be characterized as specific distortions of mind perception, atypical ascriptions of mental capacities to other entities.Successful interaction with the world requires knowing which entities have minds and which do not. Mind perception can therefore be distorted by overperception (perceiving a nonexistent mind) and underperception (failing to perceive an existent mind). Research suggests that both can be associated with adverse consequences for perceivers and targets, consequences that range from social faux pas to violence and death. For example, the overperception of mind in infants can lead to child abuse (3), but the underperception of mind in adults can lead to the denial of moral rights (4, 5).Although psychopathology has long been linked to abnormal social perception, recent discoveries provide a unique framework...

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“…The literature on the sociology of religion has documented that, in studies among native Christian populations, males tend to be affiliated with a religion less often than females and to attend religious meetings less frequently (De Vaus and McAllister 1987). In regard to Muslim communities, however, one might predict a different pattern.…”

Section: Hypotheses On Group and Gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Affiliation and Participation among Immigrants in a Secular Society: A Study of Immigrants in The Netherlands

Tubergen¹

2007

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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Gender Differences in Religion: A Test of the Structural Location Theory

Cited by 266 publications

References 21 publications

Youth and Religion: The Gameboy Generation Goes to ``Church''

Youth and Religion: The Gameboy Generation Goes to ``Church''

Distortions of mind perception in psychopathology

Religious Affiliation and Participation among Immigrants in a Secular Society: A Study of Immigrants in The Netherlands

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