Gender Differences in Pay of Young Management Professionals in the United States: A Comprehensive View

Keaveny, Timothy J.; Inderrieden, Edward J.; Toumanoff, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf03380049

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Professional experience also affects wages and salaries . For purposes of this study, experience was defined as the number of years the respondent had been a registered pharmacist.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacists' earnings determinants: differences by ethnic group

Carvajal

Armayor

Deziel

2012

Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research

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Objectives The purpose of this paper was to explore the behaviour of wage-and-salary earnings of non-Hispanic white, black and Hispanic pharmacists. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the responses to a survey questionnaire. The survey was administered to licensed pharmacists in South Florida between September 2006 and March 2007. The main outcome measures of the study were the response of pharmacists' wage-and-salary earnings to the number of hours worked, human-capital stock and job-related preferences. Key findings The earnings responses of non-Hispanic white and Hispanic pharmacists largely conformed to patterns reported in the literature, but the earnings of black pharmacists did not. Significant ethnic differences in the effect of the explanatory variables were detected. Conclusions The earnings-determination model developed here was suitable for nonHispanic white and Hispanic pharmacists, but not for black pharmacists. Pharmacists' earnings-determination processes must address ethnicity-related issues.

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“…Professional experience also affects wages and salaries . For purposes of this study, experience was defined as the number of years the respondent had been a registered pharmacist.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[55] Professional experience also affects wages and salaries. [12,42,56] For purposes of this study, experience was defined as the number of years the respondent had been a registered pharmacist. Presumably more years of practice leads to more productivity and higher earnings.…”

Section: Ethnic Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists' earnings determinants: differences by ethnic group

Carvajal

Armayor

Deziel

2012

Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research

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“…Wage‐and‐salary earnings, number of hours worked, prevalence of part‐time employment, the wage rate, household income, commute distance and commute time were the seven labour outcome indicators whose gender–age variation was analysed. The literature is replete with studies showing that men earn higher wages and salaries than women, along with different attempts to explain the nature of the disparities . Evidence for South Florida pharmacists suggests that, after controlling for human capital and job‐related variables, men's earnings exceed women's earnings by 6% .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of gender and age in pharmacists' labour outcomes

Carvajal

Popovici

2016

J Pharm Health Serv Res

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Objectives Workers from different genders and age groups may encounter unequal opportunities and/or structural barriers that grant them access to, or limit, the acquisition of human capital and the ability to apply it, which are likely to affect labour outcomes such as job entry, mobility, hours of work, and wages and salaries. The objective was to assess whether labour outcomes of young women differ from those of the rest of the workforce, if at all, due to gender, age, or the interaction of both classifications. Methods The study was based on survey data self‐reported by licensed pharmacists. A 2 × 3 (gender × age‐group) factorial design was used to assess differences in seven labour outcomes. Key findings Wages and salaries were greater for men than for women, and the disparity was observed in all age groups. Gender differences in average workweek and part‐time employment were heavily mediated by age. Age also mediated gender differences in annual household income. While the age‐group classification was statistically significant for all labour outcomes, the gender classification lacked significance for household income, distance to work and one‐way commute time. Wages and salaries, the wage rate, distance to work and one‐way commute time failed to show a significant interaction effect. Conclusions Pharmacists of different genders and age groups vary widely in terms of labour outcomes.

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“…However, gender pay gap may be explained by other factors (e.g., human capital, job and firm characteristics, demographics, etc.). 51 Women of all races also have enjoyed significant gains in a wide range of traditionally male-dominated jobs and occupations. Some reported less pay dispersion in public organizations and smaller male-female earnings differentials in public than in private colleges.…”

Section: Demographic Factors Related To Income and The Love Of Moneymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Love of Money, Pay Satisfaction and Academic Tenure: Professors in a Public Institution of Higher Education

Tang¹

2012

Public Personnel Management

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This study tests a model of pay satisfaction using a sample of 207 American professors, treats academic tenure as a moderator, and investigates the model across tenured (n = 126) and non-tenured (n = 77) professors simultaneously. The direct path examines the relationship between income and pay satisfaction, whereas the indirect path consists of income, the love of money, pay comparison, and pay satisfaction. For the whole sample, results supported the direct path in that income led to pay satisfaction. When both the direct and indirect paths were examined simultaneously, income led to low pay satisfaction. Income enhanced the love of money that was used to frame referent pay comparison that had an impact on pay satisfaction. For tenured professors, the indirect path was significant and the direct path approached significance. For non-tenured professors, the referent comparison to pay satisfaction path was significant. Our research contributes to our new insights and understanding of pay satisfaction among tenured and non-tenured professors in a public institution of higher education.

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Gender Differences in Pay of Young Management Professionals in the United States: A Comprehensive View

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

Pharmacists' earnings determinants: differences by ethnic group

Pharmacists' earnings determinants: differences by ethnic group

Interaction of gender and age in pharmacists' labour outcomes

The Love of Money, Pay Satisfaction and Academic Tenure: Professors in a Public Institution of Higher Education

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