Gender differences in implicit prejudice

Ekehammar, Bo; Akrami, Nazar; Araya, Tadesse

doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00132-0

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The findings of this research are in concordance with a study by Lundell (1993), which indicates that men are more likely to enjoy dirty jokes than women. This can be related to Ekehammar et al, (2003) who argued that women seem to express implicit prejudice and men explicit prejudice terms. He defines implicit prejudice as misjudging a person who is described in an "ambiguous story" in an impression formation task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sociological Indicators of Ethical Attitude toward Ethnic Humor: An Empirical Study on Persian Jokes

Haghish¹,

Heydari²,

Biegler³

et al. 2012

ASS

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People's ethical attitude toward ethnic humor (EATEH) is not well-investigated. The present article explores the relation of gender, anomie, socioeconomic status, ethnocentrism, and national identity to ethical attitude toward ethnic humor. 500 high school students were surveyed from 10 high schools of Ahvaz, Iran. Findings revealed that attitudes toward jokes are significantly related to the dimensions of ethnocentrism, anomie, socioeconomic status, national identity, and gender. A significant proportion of the EATEH's variance was predicted by socioeconomic status and anomie, whereas ethnocentrism was still significant but played only a minor role. Further, on average men show prejudice more openly than women. Findings show that ethical attitude of individuals toward ethnic humor have been rooted and influenced by sociological factors most notably their social context and feeling of anomie.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sociological Indicators of Ethical Attitude toward Ethnic Humor: An Empirical Study on Persian Jokes

Haghish¹,

Heydari²,

Biegler³

et al. 2012

ASS

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“…Stereotypes are, however, not automatically activated to the same degree in all explicit prejudice and social dominance toward outgroups than women do (e.g. Bates & Heaven, 2001;Ekehammar, Akrami, & Araya, 2003;Sidanius & Pratto, 1999). In Hagendoorn's (1993Hagendoorn's ( , 1995 studies, the participants with an academic background showed less tendencies to rank ethnic groups than those with a working-class background.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic hierarchies, ethnic prejudice, and social dominance orientation

Snellman

Ekehammar

2005

Community & Applied Soc Psy

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Previous research in multi-ethnic societies has shown that people rank, or form hierarchies of, the ethnic groups on the basis of social distance. Based on self-report data from a community sample (N ¼ 150 non-psychology students), this study examined (1) the correspondence of ratings and rankings of six ethnic target groups among various subgroups of participants (Swedish and immigrant men and women), and (2) the relationship of inclination to ethnic ranking with ethnic prejudice and social dominance orientation. In accord with our hypotheses, the results disclosed that (1) irrespective of gender and ethnic origin, the various subgroups of participants ranked and formed similar hierarchies of the six ethnic target groups, and (2) people's inclination to ethnic ranking showed significant correlations with their ethnic prejudice as well as social dominance orientation.

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“…The existence of higher levels of prejudice among males has been well documented regarding explicit forms of racial prejudice (Akrami, Ekehammar, and Araya 2000) or social dominance orientation (Sidarius and Pratto 1999). In contrast, research findings on implicit prejudice showed higher levels among women (Ekehammar, Akrami, and Araya 2003). Empirical results regarding gender differences on the different forms of ethnic prejudice, particularly among children, are scarce.…”

Section: Intercultural Education 265mentioning

confidence: 84%

The subtle–blatant distinction of ethnic prejudice among ethnic majority chidren

Sarafidou

Govaris

Loumakou

2013

Intercultural Education

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Research on ethnic prejudice among children is important for contemporary multicultural schools seeking to enhance communication among students from different ethnic groups and provide effective intercultural education. Current scientific discourse points to the appearance of new implicit forms of prejudice, witnessed in modern multicultural societies, while traditional explicit prejudice tends to decline. However, empirical studies concerning the blatant-subtle distinction of prejudice in children are scarce. This paper examines ethnic prejudice in 329 ethnic majority preadolescents (aged 10-13 years) attending 10 urban and rural schools in central Greece. Data were collected using questionnaires constructed on the basis of focus group discussions with children, in addition to sociometric tests. Findings support the subtle-blatant distinction of prejudice in children and indicate that although blatant prejudice expressed as personal rejection is indeed low, perceptions of ethnic minority groups as a 'problem' for school life, as well as subtle prejudice, are substantial. Ethnic minority children are less popular and stigmatizing behaviour is common. Intimacy with an ethnic minority classmate is associated with lower levels of blatant prejudice at the individual level but the other forms of prejudice are not affected.

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Gender differences in implicit prejudice

Cited by 80 publications

References 45 publications

Sociological Indicators of Ethical Attitude toward Ethnic Humor: An Empirical Study on Persian Jokes

Sociological Indicators of Ethical Attitude toward Ethnic Humor: An Empirical Study on Persian Jokes

Ethnic hierarchies, ethnic prejudice, and social dominance orientation

The subtle–blatant distinction of ethnic prejudice among ethnic majority chidren

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