Gender Differences in Disease, Function, and Behavioral Symptoms in Residents with Dementia

Galik, Elizabeth; McPherson, Rachel; Boltz, Marie; Haitsma, Kimberly Van; Kolanowski, Ann

doi:10.1177/01939459211018822

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Second, we are unable to analyze differences between individuals involved in a single versus multiple RREM incidents. Clinical accounts 47 suggest that some individuals may be involved disproportionately in multiple RREM incidents; future research should explore this potential phenomenon and its implications for intervention. Third, our social‐ecological model suggests that it would be useful to study variation among nursing homes regarding RREM occurrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in nursing homes

Pillemer

Silver

Ramírez

et al. 2021

J American Geriatrics Society

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Background: Resident-to-resident elder mistreatment (RREM) in nursing homes has serious physical and psychological consequences, but factors related to RREM occurrence remain unclear. This study identifies individual and environmental characteristics associated with involvement in RREM episodes. Methods:The design was an observational study carried out in five urban and five suburban New York state nursing homes randomly selected on the basis of size and location. The sample consisted of 2011 residents in 10 facilities; 83% of facilities and 84% of eligible residents participated. RREM and potential correlates were identified through resident interviews, staff interviews, shift coupons, observation, chart review, and accident or incident reports. Results: A multivariate analysis controlling for relevant covariates found that individuals involved in RREM incidents exhibit milder dementia, show behavioral symptoms, and are less functionally impaired. Although special care units (SCU) for dementia have benefits for residents, one potential hazard for SCU residents is elevated risk for RREM. Conclusions: Interventions to prevent and intervene in RREM incidents are greatly needed. The correlates identified in this research point to the need for targeted interventions, specifically for residents with milder impairment and with behavioral symptoms and individuals in SCUs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in nursing homes

Pillemer

Silver

Ramírez

et al. 2021

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…61 The MoCA scores were higher in men than in women in this cross-sectional study, and the difference was significant in the MCI population. Women of the age of the participants in this study are affected by physical pain, 62 mood 63 and sleep disorders 38 due to physiological conditions such as the advent of the menopause. 62 Previous research has shown that there is a relationship between menopause and cognitive impairment and that MCI prevalence in older women is higher than that in men.…”

Section: Variable Categoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive status and its risk factors in patients with hypertension and diabetes in a low‐income rural area of China: A cross‐sectional study

Guo,

Liang,

Ren

et al. 2023

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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ObjectivesThe proportion of older people with dementia in China is gradually increasing with the increase in the aging population over recent years. Hypertension and diabetes are common non‐communicable diseases among rural populations in China. However, it remains unclear whether these conditions affect the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment as there is limited research on cognitive status and its risk factors among residents of rural areas.MethodsA multi‐stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 5400 participants from rural permanent residents. A self‐designed structured questionnaire was used to investigate demographic data of the participants. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (MoCA). The results were analyzed using chi‐square test, ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsA total of 5028 participants returned the survey, giving a response rate of 93.1%. Higher education (odds ratio (OR) = 3.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.87–3.54, p < 0.001), higher income (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.16–2.07, p < 0.001), and dietary control (OR = 0.66, 95%CI 0.34–0.98, p < 0.001) were protective factors. A visual representation of the relationship between annual income and MoCA score showed an inverted U‐curve, the group with an annual income of 6000–7999 RMB had a maximum OR of 1.93 (95%CI 0.12–2.74, p < 0.001). While difficulty in maintaining sleep were risk factors for cognitive impairment (OR = −2.28, 95% CI–4.18–0.39, p = 0.018).ConclusionsParticipants with middle incomes had better cognitive status than those with the highest incomes. Higher education, proper diet control and good sleep are beneficial to the cognitive status of residents in rural areas.

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“…Literature suggests that in most cultures, females are expected to assume caregiving roles and to act more in the interest of the family. 15,16 Particularly in rural areas, caregiving roles are commonly assigned to women. Nearly, 65% of family caregivers are women; 80% of these women care for someone aged 50 years or older.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our findings showed that most caregivers were middle‐aged females coinciding with prior caregiving studies. Literature suggests that in most cultures, females are expected to assume caregiving roles and to act more in the interest of the family 15,16 . Particularly in rural areas, caregiving roles are commonly assigned to women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palliative care needs and preferences of older adults with advanced or serious chronic illnesses and their families in rural communities of Indiana, USA

Lalani

Hamash

Wang

2023

The Journal of Rural Health

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PurposeTo explore the palliative care needs and preferences of older adults with advanced or serious chronic illnesses and their families. Also, to propose strategies to promote supportive palliative care in the rural communities of Indiana, USA.MethodWe conducted qualitative interviews to gather rural caregivers’ experiences of palliative care. Recruitment was done in collaboration with community partners using social media, flyers, emails, invitations, and word‐of‐mouth. A purposive sample of family caregivers was obtained. All the interviews were conducted online. The average interview was 30‐45 minutes. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.FindingsOur findings showed 6 major themes that indicated several palliative care needs and preferences of older patients and their families in rural communities that include: (1) difficulties in pain and symptom burden; (2) perceived discrimination and lack of trust; (3) longer distances to care facilities; (4) difficult conversations; (5) caregiving burden; and (6) use of telehealth in a rural palliative care context.ConclusionRural family caregivers experience several social inequities and disparities causing a lack of access to and low utilization of palliative care. All these disparities cause several challenges for patients and their families trying to manage serious illnesses and die in place with peace and comfort. Inadequate access and lack of resources cause pain and distress for both patients and their families. Provider education and trainings, initiating early palliative care models, integrating behavioral health in palliative care, and using culturally congruent care delivery approaches in support of community partners can improve palliative care services in rural communities.

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Gender Differences in Disease, Function, and Behavioral Symptoms in Residents with Dementia

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Factors associated with resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in nursing homes

Factors associated with resident‐to‐resident elder mistreatment in nursing homes

Cognitive status and its risk factors in patients with hypertension and diabetes in a low‐income rural area of China: A cross‐sectional study

Palliative care needs and preferences of older adults with advanced or serious chronic illnesses and their families in rural communities of Indiana, USA

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