Gender differences in behaviour: Activating effects of cross-sex hormones

Goozen, Stephanie Helena Maria Van; Cohen‐Kettenis, Peggy T.; Gooren, Louis; Frijda, Nico H.; Poll, Nanne E. van de

doi:10.1016/0306-4530(94)00076-x

Cited by 243 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Hypotheses based on various evolutionary scenarios include differences in home range size (Ecuyer-Dab & Robert, 2004), foraging strategies (Eals & Silverman, 1994), and sexual selection (e.g., Geary, 1995;Sherry, 1997), and have all found favor in the literature. In terms of proximal causes of gender differences, mid-range levels of testosterone seems associated with optimal spatial performance in men (e.g., Dutch adults: van Goozen, Cohen-Kettenis, Gooren, Frijda, & van de Poll, 1995) while high levels of estrogen in women are associated with poorer spatial performance (e.g., German university students: Hausmann, Slabbekoorn, van Goozen, Cohen-Kettenis, & Güntürkün, 2000). Similar sex differences are found in many non-human mammalian species (e.g., Williams, Barnett, & Meck, 1990) and can be explained through similar evolutionary pressures as those put forward to explain gender differences in humans (Jones et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Navigation Stereotype Improves Men’s Search for a Hidden Goal

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. (2012) 'Gender-based navigation stereotype improves men's search for a hidden goal.', Sex roles., 67 (11)(12). pp. 682-695. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11199-012- Publisher's copyright statement:The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractWhile a general stereotype exists that men are better at navigating than women, experimental evidence indicates that men and women differ in their use of spatial strategies, and this preference determines gender-differences. When both environmental geometry and landmark cues are available, men appear to learn to navigate using both types of cues, while women show a preference for using landmarks. Using a computer-generated task, 80undergraduate students from North-East England learned to navigate to a hidden goal.Activating the general navigation stereotype improved the performance of men, compared to the control condition, both when only geometric cues and only landmark cues were present (stereotype lift), suggesting that activating a general stereotype can affect tasks both with (geometry) and without (landmark) established gender-differences in preference. In addition, in the test trial (hidden goal removed) women who learned to navigate using only landmarks spent longer in the correct location of the hidden goal than those who learned to navigate using only geometry. In contrast, the opposite result was found for men, suggesting that when only one cue-type is available, gender-differences still occur, with women better able to navigate using landmarks than geometry, while men seemed to learn more about the location of the goal with reference to geometric than landmark cues.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Navigation Stereotype Improves Men’s Search for a Hidden Goal

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For instance, testosterone has been reported to be beneficial for visuospatial ability in men (Hier & Crowly, 1982;Gordon & Lee, 1986;Christiansen & Knussmann, 1987;Tan, 1990a, b;Tan & Akgun, 1992;Christiansen, 1993;Janowsky et al, 1994;Van Goozen et al, 1994;Van Goozen et al, 1995;Tan & Tan, 1998;Barrett-Connor et al, 1999a;Silverman et al, 1999;Aleman et al, 2001;Kutlu et al, 2001;Kenny et al, 2002;Yaffe et al, 2002;Azurmendi et al, 2005), and women (Shute et al, 1983;Resnick et al, 1986;McKeever, 1987;Gouchie & Kimura, 1991;Van Goozen et al, 1995;Moffat & Hampson, 1996;Barrett-Connor et al, 1999b;Celec et al, 2002;Ostatnikova, et al, 2002). On the other hand, testosterone has also been reported as having no benefit for spatial ability in either men or women (Shute et al, 1983;Gouchie & Kimura, 1991;Moffat & Hampson, 1996;Van Goozen et al, 1995). Contrarily, some authors did not accept any significant association between testosterone and spatial cognition Kampen & Sherwin, 1996;Herlitz & Lovén, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Free Testosterone and Estradiol Levels in Perceptual-Verbal and Spatial Abilities;Differences in Sex and Hand Preference

Tan¹

2012

Sex Hormones

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In einer sehr frühen testpsychologischen Studie nahm das räumliche Vorstellungsvermögen unter der androgenen Hormontherapie bei Frau-zuMann-Trans*Menschen zu, wohingegen sich bei Mann-zu-Frau-Trans*Menschen die sprachlichen Fähigkeiten verbesserten; bei der Transition in das jeweils andere Geschlecht zeigte sich der gegenläufige Effekt [43,44]. Das visuelle Gedächtnis wurde bei Frauzu-Mann-Trans*Menschen unter der Hormontherapie besser [11].…”

Section: » Auch Die Progesteronspiegel Im Blut Scheinen Einfluss Aufunclassified

Funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie bei Trans*Menschen

Böttcher

Lechleitner

Gizewski

2017

Gynäkologische Endokrinologie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mit der funktionellen Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der fMRTTrotz individueller Unterschiede in den fMRT-Aktivitätsmustern fallen im Vergleich verschiedener Gruppen, beispielsweise Männer und Frauen, jeweils Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede auf. Erotische StimuliGeschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede der zerebralen Aktivierung konnten beispielsweise während der Präsentation erotischer Stimuli in kurzen Filmsequenzen gezeigt werden [2,4,10,17,18,41]. Das Lösen bestimmter Denk- Zerebrale AktivitätZunächst wurde angenommen, dass sowohl Mann-zu-Frau-als auch Frau-zuMann-Trans*Menschen zerebrale Aktivitätsmuster zeigen, die zwischen den biologischen Geschlechtern Mann und Frau liegen [8]. Ähnlich wie mit der fMRT können auch mit der PET (wie oben beschrieben) zerebrale Aktivierungen während des Lösens bestimmter Aufgaben bzw. Ausführens bestimmter Handlungen gemessen werden. Die PET wird aufgrund der Strahlenbelastung heute aber nur noch bei speziellen Fragestellungen durchgeführt, so etwa wenn keine mehrfache Wiederholung möglich ist. Bei Mann-zu-Frau-Trans*Menschen wurden mittels PET die Aktivitäten beim Riechen bestimmter Steroide gemessen, die auf der Beziehungsebene als relevant gelten und geschlechtsspezifisch Zusammenfassung · Abstract Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2017 · 15:14-22

show abstract

Gender differences in behaviour: Activating effects of cross-sex hormones

Cited by 243 publications

References 45 publications

Gender-Based Navigation Stereotype Improves Men’s Search for a Hidden Goal

Gender-Based Navigation Stereotype Improves Men’s Search for a Hidden Goal

Serum Free Testosterone and Estradiol Levels in Perceptual-Verbal and Spatial Abilities;Differences in Sex and Hand Preference

Funktionelle Magnetresonanztomographie bei Trans*Menschen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About