Gender differences in arterial pulse wave and anatomical properties in healthy Korean adults

Lee, Bum Ju; Jeon, Young‐Joo; Bae, Jang-Han; Yim, Mi Hong; Kim, Jong Yeol

doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2018.11.004

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to our research and previous literature reports [2, 5, 7, 8, 23], we speculated that there might be three cases in the exact Cun position (Figure 3(b)): (1) According to the common way to find Cun position, the exact Cun was located in the position of Cun in traditional Chinese medicine (Figure 3(b1)). At this position, we could touch the pulsation of the superficial palmar branch and the pulsation of part of the radial artery, but the length of the radial artery varied greatly, most of which might be less than one finger wide.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Anatomy of the Cun Position at Wrist and Its Application in Pulse Diagnosis

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Information on anatomy of the Cun position at wrist is lacking; whether the blood vessel taking pulse in Cun is the radial artery or the superficial palmar branch is also clinically controversial. The objective was to investigate the boundaries and contents, and the vascular distribution and their pulse points in Cun. Thirty-two upper extremities of 16 human cadavers were investigated for dissection and observation. The boundaries, contents, and blood vessel distribution in Cun were observed; the location of pulse points in Cun was identified; the length of the superficial palmar branch in wrist pulse (L1), the pulp width of the index finger (L2), and the angle between the radial artery and the superficial palmar branch were measured. The results showed that the Cun was located in the region formed by the bulge of the prominent bone proximal to the palm, the radial flexor tendon, the tubercle of scaphoid, and the abductor longus muscle tendon. In this area, the radial artery could be pulsed part in the medial side of the abductor longus muscle tendon, while the superficial palmar branch lied near the surface and was easy to pulse in the lateral side of the radial flexor tendon and the medial side of the tubercle of scaphoid. The ratio of L1 to L2 was 1.2±0.8, and the angle was 23.3±9.9°. The results suggested that it could not be generalized that the blood vessel taking pulse in Cun was the radial artery or the superficial palmar branch; it might depend on the vascular distribution in Cun, the region of finger positioning, and the patient’s pulse condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Anatomy of the Cun Position at Wrist and Its Application in Pulse Diagnosis

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…In this work, several time-domain parameters of the pulse signal are compared to confirm that the radial pulse differs significantly with respect to gender and measuring positions. Subsequently, Lee et al [23] demonstrate highly significant differences in gender by performing the analysis of wrist pulse waves of healthy Korean adults at the three positions in time and frequency domains. ey infer that the reason may be that men tend to have larger vascular diameters and higher blood velocities, which increase blood flow and blood pressure in the wrist artery.…”

Section: Comparison With Gender Difference In Ecg Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For physiological signal processing, analysis methods can be linear or nonlinear. Several previous works have already applied linear methods in time-domain [22,23] and frequency-domain [23] to investigate the gender difference in the pulse signal from healthy people. Based on their findings, it has been confirmed that gender differences can be characterized by some features in the pulse signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refined Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Wrist Pulse for Gender Difference in Traditional Chinese Medicine among Young Individuals

Wang

Mao

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Pulse signal analysis plays an important role in promoting the objectification of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Like electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, wrist pulse signals are mainly caused by cardiac activities and are valuable in analyzing cardiac diseases. A large number of studies have reported ECG signals can distinguish gender characteristics of normal healthy subjects using entropy complexity measures, consistently showing more complexity in females than males. No research up to date, however, has been found on examining gender differences with wrist pulse signals of healthy subjects on entropy complexity measures. This paper is aimed to fill in the research gap, which could, in turn, provide a deeper insight into the pulse signal and might identify potential differences between ECG signals and pulse signals. In particular, several complementary entropy measures with corresponding refined composite multiscale versions are established to perform the analysis for the filtered TCM pulse signals. Experimental results reveal that regardless of entropy measures used, there is no statistically significant gender difference in terms of entropy complexity, indicating that the pulse signal holds less gender characteristics than the ECG signal. In view of these findings, wrist pulse signals could be likely to provide different pieces of information to ECG signals. The present study is the first to quantitatively evaluate gender differences in healthy pulse signals with measures of entropy complexity and more importantly; we expect this study could make contribution to the ongoing pulse intelligent diagnosis and objective analysis, further facilitating the modernization of TCM pulse diagnosis.

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“…Clearly, the experimental methodologies used for current research have been widely used in waveform analysis and many useful achievements have been achieved. Lee et al examine the location of Cun, Guan and Chi in the wrist and the relationship between the physical indexes and the anatomical characteristics in healthy Korean adults by time domain feature method [27]. Chang et al used the spectrum analysis method to get the harmonics of C 0 ∼ C 10 at the Cun, Guan and Chi position.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation Study of Cun, Guan and Chi Position Based on Wrist Pulse Characteristics

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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To analyze the correlation of pulse characteristics at different acquisition positions, the pulse parameters that can identify different pulse and physiological information are given. In this paper, the relevance and difference of wrist pulse characteristics at Cun, Guan and Chi position were studied by pulse diagnosis instrument and time-frequency, frequency-domain and time-frequency domain analysis methods etc. Firstly, the pulse information of Cun, Guan and Chi position is collected from 206 healthy adults. The 66 pulse characteristics of each sampled location are extracted. In addition, the 66 feature indexes of each position are used to calculate the Spearman correlation coefficients among Cun, Guan, Chi position as well as the both hands in detail. Finally, the relevance and difference of wrist pulse at Cun, Guan and Chi position were studied and analyzed by significance test. The pulse characteristics with high correlation at Cun-Guan-Chi position of left and right hands are mainly power spectrum characteristics and time-frequency characteristics, while the features with high correlation between both hands mostly concentrate in the time domain characteristics. This work has studied the relationship between the position of pulse acquisition from quantitative and qualitative aspects, and laid a foundation for the objective diagnosis of pulse condition and the comprehensive disclosure of pulse information.

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Gender differences in arterial pulse wave and anatomical properties in healthy Korean adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Anatomy of the Cun Position at Wrist and Its Application in Pulse Diagnosis

Anatomy of the Cun Position at Wrist and Its Application in Pulse Diagnosis

Refined Multiscale Entropy Analysis of Wrist Pulse for Gender Difference in Traditional Chinese Medicine among Young Individuals

The Correlation Study of Cun, Guan and Chi Position Based on Wrist Pulse Characteristics

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