Gender and the relationship between job experiences and psychological distress: A study of dual-earner couples.

Abstract

This article examines the association between job role quality and psychological distress in a sample of 300 full-time employed dual-earner couples, controlling for such individual level variables as age, education, occupational prestige, and marital quality and for such couple level variables as length of marriage, parental status, and household income. The magnitude of this effect is compared for men and for women. Results indicate that job role quality is significantly negatively associated with psychological distress for women as well as for men and that the magnitude of the effect depends little, if at all, on gender, casting doubt on the widely held view that job experiences more significantly influence men's mental health states than women's. The results are discussed in the context of differentiating between sex differences and gender differences.

Quality and Efficiency in Small Practices Transitioning to Patient Centered Medical Homes: A Randomized Trial

“…CPT-II codes for BP values were not available for baseline, hence reliabilities were added to account for model violations due to too few repeated measures. [24][25][26][27] Transformations. To create normally distributed measures, clinical quality measures were first recalculated with the arcsine transformation for proportions to adjust the tail ends of the distribution (0 and 1).…”

Empathic accuracy and adolescent romantic relationships

“…Then, in a second, between subjects level of the analysis, we used developmental qualities (age and relationship length) and relationship qualities (own and partner relationship satisfaction) to explain between-subjects differences in these within couple estimates of empathic accuracy. Given that data from couples violate statistical assumptions of independence, parameters describing boyfriends' and girlfriends' data were estimated simultaneously in a couple-level model that separately estimated each member of the couple's effects while controlling the partner's effects by estimating separate models with separate intercepts for each individual, according to procedures described by Raudenbush and colleagues (Barnett, Marshall, Raudenbush, & Brennan, 1993;Raudenbush, Brennan, & Barnett, 1995).…”

“…Empathic accuracy was assessed in the first level of a multi-level model that regressed individuals' perceptions of their behaviors during each of the 20 segments onto their partners' perceptions of those behaviors, where boyfriends' and girlfriends' accuracy were each estimated simultaneously with their own intercepts, according to procedures described by Raudenbush and colleagues (Barnett et al, 1993;Raudenbush et al, 1995). Accordingly, empathic accuracy can be understood as the covariance between individuals' perceptions of their behaviors during a particular segment and their partners' perceptions of those behaviors during that segment produced by the following model, where the partner's ratings were centered around the mean of his or her ratings across the segments.…”

Coming Home Upset: Gender, Marital Satisfaction, and the Daily Spillover of Workday Experience Into Couple Interactions.

“…A multivariate extension of hierarchical modeling was used that permitted (1) simultaneous estimates of models for husbands and wives, with gender specific predictors and covariates, (2) direct tests for gender differences in estimated parameters, and (3) incorporation of a measurement model that took into account errors of measurement in the outcome variables when making all model estimates (see Barnett et al, 1993;Raudenbush, Brennan, & Barnett, 1995 for details). The incorporation of this measurement model effectively means that the outcomes being predicted are the latent true scores of each marital behavior scale (Raudenbush et al, 1995).…”