Gender and Ethnic Differences in Young Adults’ Emotional Reactions to Parental Punitive and Minimizing Emotion Socialization Practices

Perry, Nicole B.; Leerkes, Esther M.; Dunbar, Angel S.; Cavanaugh, Alyson M.

doi:10.1177/2167696816653856

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…In addition, it has been observed that parent-child communication problems do not affect smartphone dependency in adolescent boys but affected smartphone dependency in adolescent girls [60]. Adolescent girls are likely to be more sensitive or attuned to parents' negative responses [36] and thus they are more influenced by negative parental practices, which may increase the likelihood of smartphone dependency. Our findings regarding the moderating role of gender indicate the need for gender-specific intervention strategies to decrease smartphone addiction among adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of adolescent girls can make them more sensitive to parents' parenting styles. In particular, women tend to focus more on the negative aspects [33,34], making them more vulnerable to negative relationships, namely, negative parenting [35,36]. In addition, being an adolescent girl may moderate the effects of negative parenting style on adolescent smartphone dependency more than being an adolescent boy.…”

Section: The Moderating Role Of Child Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intergenerational Transmissions of Mother–Adolescent Smartphone Dependency: The Mediating Role of Negative Parenting and the Moderating Role of Gender

Kim

Kang

Lee

2020

IJERPH

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Given the prevalence and undesirable consequences of smartphone dependency among adolescents, it is necessary to explore the influencing factors of adolescent smartphone dependency. The aim of this study was to examine the intergenerational transmission of mother–adolescent smartphone dependency and the mediating role of negative parenting, moderated by adolescent gender. Data for 2541 middle school students (mean aged = 13 years)–mother dyads were obtained from the first wave of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 (KCYPS 2018). The moderated mediation model using Hayes PROCESS macro (Model 14) was employed to test the study hypothesis. The moderated mediation model revealed that maternal smartphone dependency was associated with adolescent smartphone dependency. Perceived negative parenting mediated this link and adolescent gender moderated the relationship between negative parenting and adolescent smartphone dependency, especially for adolescent girls. Our findings showed that both maternal smartphone dependency and negative parenting were determinants of adolescent smartphone dependency, suggesting that both factors were important for understanding these issues. Moreover, the mediating role of negative parenting (between maternal and adolescent smartphone dependency) implies that parental education programs designed to improve negative parenting may reduce adolescent smartphone dependency, especially for adolescent girls.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Moderating Role Of Child Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Intergenerational Transmissions of Mother–Adolescent Smartphone Dependency: The Mediating Role of Negative Parenting and the Moderating Role of Gender

Kim

Kang

Lee

2020

IJERPH

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“…Although previous research has shown that negative parental behaviours tend to affect to boys and girls in a different way, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first study that reports these results applied to cyberbullying. In this sense, recent studies have reported that negative parenting (especially those parental practices related to the management of misbehaviour such as high control or punishment) increases the likelihood of girls to develop externalizing and aggressive behaviours [55,56] and that girls seem to be more affected by negative parental practices which favour that they feel more hurt and less loved than boys [57]. This evidence helps to understand our findings which suggest that negative parenting in girls is associated not only to the lack of skills to cope cyber-victimization situations, but also to an important maladjustment which also leads them to bully others through ICT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting Practices as Risk or Preventive Factors for Adolescent Involvement in Cyberbullying: Contribution of Children and Parent Gender

Gómez-Ortiz

Romera

Ortega-Ruíz

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Literature points out the role of parenting on adolescent cyberbullying involvement. However, it is necessary to clarify how gender affects this relationship. The aim of this study has been to examine the relation between the adolescents’ perception about parenting practices, and their involvement in cyberbullying, bearing in mind both girls’ and boys’ gender and progenitors’ gender. The sample comprised 2060 Spanish secondary school students (47.9% girls; Mage = 14.34). Two-way ANOVA and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. An effect of the interaction between sex and cyberbullying roles in maternal affection and communication, inductive discipline, and psychological control, as well as paternal promotion of autonomy and psychological control, was found. In general, it can be observed that the more negative results were found in cyber-aggressors, especially when this role is assumed by girls. The results of logistic regression analysis suggest that parenting practices explain better cyberbullying involvement in girls compared to boys, finding some important differences between both sexes regarding protective and risk factors. These findings highlight the importance of parenting practices to explain cyberbullying involvement, which supports the necessity of including family among the addresses of intervention programs.

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“…Two candidates to consider as links between parent ES and youth outcomes are guilt‐proneness and shame‐proneness, given that they have been associated in prior research with a number of parenting behaviors (e.g., Parisette‐Sparks et al, ), including ES (e.g., Perry et al, ), as well as with youth outcomes such as depression and compassion for others (Tangney & Dearing, ). Although shame and guilt have historically been used interchangeably, several important distinctions differentiate them (see Tangney & Dearing, , for a review).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like discrete emotion expressed, gender of parent and child also appears to influence the way emotions are socialized (e.g., Le, Berenbaum, & Raghavan, 2002;Perry, Leerkes, Dunbar, & Cavanaugh, 2016). Although ES research has predominantly focused on mothers' parenting behaviors (e.g., Sanders et al, 2015), preliminary work indicates that fathers play a unique role in ES (e.g., Nelson, O'Brien, Blankson, Calkins, & Keane, 2009).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guilt and Shame: Explaining Associations Between Emotion Socialization and Emerging Adult Well‐Being

2019

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Objective To explore shame and guilt as potential pathways linking recalled emotion socialization (ES) parenting behaviors during childhood with emerging adult outcomes. Background Although ES has been associated with youth outcomes, more research is needed to uncover variables that may explain such associations. Additionally, the present study addresses limitations of extant literature by (a) exploring ES within the context of recalled discrete expressions of fear, anger, and sadness; (b) indexing both maternal and paternal ES responses; and (c) considering the possible moderating role of emerging adult gender. Method A sample of 206 undergraduate and graduate students completed questionnaires asking them to recall parental ES during childhood and to report on current shame‐ and guilt‐proneness, depressive symptomology, and compassion for others. Following preliminary analyses, path analysis and the Monte Carlo method for assessing indirect effects were used to evaluate the statistical significance of the indirect effects in the path models. Results Data suggest that shame and guilt help to explain the associations between certain parental ES practices and emerging adult outcomes. Associations between variables differed when taking into account discrete emotion expressed, parent gender, and participant gender. Conclusion Results highlight the complexity of ES processes and the importance of guilt and shame in understanding relations between ES and young adult outcomes. Important associations may be obscured in the ES literature by the common practice of collapsing discrete emotions into global indices and the tendency to primarily investigate mothers' ES practices. Implications A more nuanced understanding of ES processes can contribute to the development of targeted and effective ES prevention and intervention programs.

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Gender and Ethnic Differences in Young Adults’ Emotional Reactions to Parental Punitive and Minimizing Emotion Socialization Practices

Abstract: Gender and ethnic differences in young adults' emotional reactions to parental punitive and minimizing emotion socialization practices. Emerging Adulthood, 5, 83-92.

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Intergenerational Transmissions of Mother–Adolescent Smartphone Dependency: The Mediating Role of Negative Parenting and the Moderating Role of Gender

Intergenerational Transmissions of Mother–Adolescent Smartphone Dependency: The Mediating Role of Negative Parenting and the Moderating Role of Gender

Parenting Practices as Risk or Preventive Factors for Adolescent Involvement in Cyberbullying: Contribution of Children and Parent Gender

Guilt and Shame: Explaining Associations Between Emotion Socialization and Emerging Adult Well‐Being

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