Gellan gum fluid gels for topical administration of diclofenac

Mahdi, Mohammed H.; Conway, Barbara R.; Mills, Tom; Smith, Alan M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.10.048

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Due to this rheological performance, fluid gels find applications in the food industry as fat replacers (Chung, et al, 2014;Le Révérend, et al, 2010), texturing (Fernández Farrés, et al, 2014), satiety enhancers (Norton, et al, 2006) and emulsion stabiliser (García, et al, 2014). A novel application involves their use for encapsulation of bioactive molecules to protect them from the surrounding environment, to control their release in a specific medium and/or to mask their flavour (Mahdi, et al, 2016;Torres, et al, 2016). The use of fluid gels as encapsulating material has the following advantages compared to other carriers (such as microcapsules, liposomes, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze drying and rehydration of alginate fluid gels

et al. 2020

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The aim of this work was to study the effect of freeze drying (FD) and rehydration on alginate fluid gels (AFG). FD was employed as a widely used drying method in order to evaluate whether its application causes any change in the material characteristics crucial for AFG behaviour. Rehydration studies were performed to assess if AFG properties could be restored after drying and rehydration processes. First, it was investigated the influence of the material formulation (alginate (ALG) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) concentrations) on the particle size distribution (PSD) and the rheological properties. The used ALG/CaCl2 ratio demonstrated to be responsible for forming nanoparticles or microparticles. The impact of fluid gel particle dimensions on drying and rehydration processes was also investigated. Overall, particle dimensions do not have a significant effect on drying kinetics. Analyses on rehydrated samples showed that the PSD is not affected by the processing, whereas the same viscosity was completely recovered only for samples formed by ALG and CaCl2 in quantities leading to nanoparticles formation. Preliminary encapsulation experiments were also carried out to highlight the impact of this process on the release behaviour of the loaded active from AFG. Results obtained from in vitro release studies and their model fitting showed that the active release behaviour from AFG was not affected by freeze drying when AFG was formed of nanoparticles. On the contrary, the active release behaviour was affected by freeze drying when AFG was formed by microparticles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freeze drying and rehydration of alginate fluid gels

et al. 2020

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“…Various analytical techniques have been reported for the quantification of diclofenac sodium (DS) in different matrices. High-pressure liquid chromatography detection (HPLC) is the most common used method for the determination of DS in biological sample or dosage forms (Bhattacharya et al, 2013, Klimeš et al, 2001, Yan et al, 2014, Vieira et al, 2016, Mahdi et al, 2016, Cordery et al, 2017, Khan et al, 2016, Pireddu et al, 2015, Aldwaikat and Alarjah, 2015, Hegazy et al, 2015, Kasperek, 2008, Basusarkar, 2011, Nivsarkar et al, 2015, Korodi et al, 2012, Chaudhary et al, 2011, Kubala et al, 1993, Mulgund et al, 2009, Gaudiano et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a new HPLC analytical method for the determination of diclofenac in tablets

AlQuadeib

2019

Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal

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A new selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the quantification of diclofenac sodium (DS) in pharmaceutical dosage form using lidocaine as internal standard (IS). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a symmetry C18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 3 μm spherical particles) using 0.05 M orthophosporic (pH 2.0) 35% and acetonitrile as 65%, as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min and monitored at 210 nm. The run time was 2 min.The method was validated to fulfill International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) requirements and this validation included specificity, linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision and robustness. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range from 10 to 200 µg/ml, and lower limit of detection of 12.5 ng/ml. The accuracy and precision of the method were within the acceptable limit of ±20% at the lower limit of quantitation and ±15% at other concentrations. Diclofenac was unstable at room temperature it showed more than 25% loss after 24 h. While, DS is very stable at refrigerator 4 °C auto-sampler, freeze/thaw cycles and 30 days storage in a freezer at −35 ± 2 °C.All results were acceptable and this confirmed that the method is suitable for its intended use in routine quality control and assay of drugs.

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“…The extent of absorption will then be dependent on the physicochemical properties of the penetrant and the vehicle. In addition to that, easiness of application and whether the patients accept the product contribute substantially toward the success of topical formulations 12,13 . For example, products which are unpleasant to touch are unlikely to be accepted by the patients regardless of its potential benefits 14 .…”

Section: Quick Response Codementioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

IJPSR

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This study was aimed at formulating topically applied Chlorpheniramine maleate gel (CPM gel). Combined effects of propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as permeation enhancers were investigated using response surface methodology. The formulated gels were characterized for various formulation attributes including viscosity, homogeneity, pH, spreadability and accelerated stability studies (40 ± 0.5 °C / 75% RH). Invitro studies were also conducted using silicone sheets and rat skin as model membranes. The permeation study revealed that an increase in the drug permeation across model membranes was due to an increasing concentration of enhancers. Based on formulation attributes and permeation parameters, FM6 was identified as optimized formulation. The drug release from optimized formulation followed the first order release kinetics. Draize's skin irritation test was conducted on healthy human volunteers to elucidate the safety profile of the formulations. Pharmacokinetic profiling of optimized gel was also conducted, and finally, the optimized gel was subjected to antiallergenic challenge. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that topical application produced comparable results with the oral delivery and the optimized gel was excellent in the management of allergy in rabbits. This study showed that the optimized CPM gel (FM6) containing a combination of propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as permeation enhancers would be beneficial for addressing topical allergies and should be further tested in more clinically relevant settings.

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Gellan gum fluid gels for topical administration of diclofenac

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Freeze drying and rehydration of alginate fluid gels

Freeze drying and rehydration of alginate fluid gels

Development and validation of a new HPLC analytical method for the determination of diclofenac in tablets

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