Gelation

Miles, M.J.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-1341-7_5

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 189 publications

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“…Vitrification of concentrated polymer solutions as well as associations between the components in solution and crystallization of the polymer from solution has been mentioned as possible gel-inducing transitions. 2 Up to now only few studies have been devoted to gelinducing transitions in relation to immersion precipitation. Gaides et al evaluated the importance of the glass transition for the membrane formation of solutions of poly(sulfone) in dimethylacetamide coagulated in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7][8] Examples of polymer solutions that form gels according to this mechanism are atactic polystyrene in decalin and atactic poly(methyl methacrylate) in 1-butanol. [4][5][6] Phase separation processes in ternary solutions containing crystallizable polymers have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and light transmission by Burghardt et al and Smolders et al for poly (2,6-dimethylphenylene oxide) and cellulose acetate in various solvent/nonsolvent mixtures. [9][10][11] However due to the small energy effects involved in the demixing process or to a too low sensitivity of the DSC equipment, no transitions due to liquid-liquid demixing could be detected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gelation processes are held responsible for the formation of a dense top layer of the membranes and the fixation of the morphology of the phase-separated solution. Vitrification of concentrated polymer solutions as well as associations between the components in solution and crystallization of the polymer from solution has been mentioned as possible gel-inducing transitions …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study of Phase Transitions in Poly(lactide)−Chloroform−Methanol Systems

et al. 1996

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The phase separation processes occurring in poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)-chloroform-methanol mixtures and poly(DL-lactide) (PDLLA)-chloroform-methanol mixtures have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry, cloud point measurements, and optical microscopy. It is demonstrated that liquid-liquid demixing occurs in ternary solutions of PDLLA at sufficiently high methanol concentrations. For PLLA-containing solutions, both liquid-liquid demixing processes and solid-liquid demixing processes occur. The most important parameters for the phase separation process are the applied cooling rate and the polymer concentration. Nonequilibrium phase separation processes play an important role in the phase separation of ternary PLLA solutions. Due to the high activation energy needed for crystallization, liquid-liquid demixing will usually precede solid-liquid demixing even if solid-liquid demixing is favored thermodynamically. Only at low cooling rates and high polymer concentration does solid-liquid demixing take place without the interference of liquid-liquid demixing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study of Phase Transitions in Poly(lactide)−Chloroform−Methanol Systems

et al. 1996

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“…Many of these biopolymers have low flexibility (e.g., worm-like polysaccharides with persistence length Lp > 60 nm) and show a remarkable deviation from the solution behavior described for flexible molecules. They often undergo gelation in a cooperative process triggered by small changes in temperature, ionic strength, pH [ 8 , 19 ]. A similar suggestion has also been put forward for polystyrene gels [ 20 ], in which the complexation with the solvent is the crucial factor affecting the chain stiffening.…”

Section: Polysaccharidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Polysaccharides in Microencapsulation and Application to Aquaculture: “From Sea to Sea”

2011

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This review’s main objective is to discuss some physico-chemical features of polysaccharides as intrinsic determinants for the supramolecular structures that can efficiently provide encapsulation of drugs and other biological entities. Thus, the general characteristics of some basic polysaccharides are outlined in terms of their conformational, dynamic and thermodynamic properties. The analysis of some polysaccharide gelling properties is also provided, including the peculiarity of the charged polysaccharides. Then, the way the basic physical chemistry of polymer self-assembly is made in practice through the laboratory methods is highlighted. A description of the several literature procedures used to influence molecular interactions into the macroscopic goal of the encapsulation is given with an attempt at classification. Finally, a practical case study of specific interest, the use of marine polysaccharide matrices for encapsulation of vaccines in aquaculture, is reported.

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A fourier transform IR study of the gelation of amylose and amylopectin

1990

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SYNOPSISFourier transform ir spectroscopy has been used to study the gelation and retrogradation of amylose and amylopectin. Results indicate that two processes occur: a fast change complete within 0.5 h shown by both samples and a much slower change that continues up to 400 h seen only for amylopectin. These processes are related to changes in molecular conformation, and are explained in terms of existing models for gelation and retrogradation in amylose and amylopectin.

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Gelation

Cited by 7 publications

References 189 publications

Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study of Phase Transitions in Poly(lactide)−Chloroform−Methanol Systems

Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study of Phase Transitions in Poly(lactide)−Chloroform−Methanol Systems

Marine Polysaccharides in Microencapsulation and Application to Aquaculture: “From Sea to Sea”

A fourier transform IR study of the gelation of amylose and amylopectin

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