Gelatin-Polyvinyl Alcohol Film for Tissue Engineering: A Concise Review

Abstract

The field of biomaterials has been steadily expanding as a large number of pharmaceutical and manufacturing companies invest in research in order to commercialize biomaterial products. Various three-dimensional biomaterials have been explored including film, hydrogel, sponge, microspheres etc., depending on different applications. Thus, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are widely used as a natural- and synthetic-based biomaterial, respectively, for tissue engineering and clinical settings. The combination of these materials has proven its synergistic effects in wound-healing applications. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the hybrid gelatin and PVA thin film development and evaluate its potential characteristics for tissue engineering applications from existing published evidence (within year 2010–2020). The primary key factor for polymers mixing technology might improve the quality and the efficacy of the intended polymers. This review provides a concise overview of the current knowledge for hybrid gelatin and PVA with the method of fabricating and mixing technology into thin films. Additionally, the findings guided to an optimal fabrication method and scrutinised characterisation parameters of fabricated gelatin-PVA thin film. In conclusion, hybrid gelatin-PVA thin film has higher potential as a treatment for various biomedical and clinical applications.

Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Gelatin-Based Films as a Potential Food Packaging Material: A Review

“…On top of that, current studies on gelatin thin films have demonstrated great potential in tissue engineering and clinical settings. The combination of these materials has proven its synergistic effects in wound-healing applications such as delivering drug to heal a wound in a rat model [ 136 , 137 ]. This is due to good film’s strength required for the wound-healing applications.…”

Cellular Interaction of Human Skin Cells towards Natural Bioink via 3D-Bioprinting Technologies for Chronic Wound: A Comprehensive Review

“…On the other hand, the use of 3D-bioprinted technology decreases the number of operations necessary for skin replacement. The 3D-shaped bioscaffolds open up new alternatives, such as broadening the range of structures accessible to treat injured skin tissues [ 19 ]. It allows for the precise placement of skin cells to replace damaged skin [ 20 ].…”

The Effect of Nanoparticle-Incorporated Natural-Based Biomaterials towards Cells on Activated Pathways: A Systematic Review

“…Natural-based biomaterials are easily accessible, usually non-toxic and non-immunogenic, besides displaying excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, which have been pinpointed ( Table 1 ) [ 19 ]. However, natural-based biomaterials have certain drawbacks due to their weak mechanical strength, without a suitable crosslinker as a supporting component to enhance the stability and assembly of complex structures from the fabricated biomaterials [ 20 ]. Moreover, natural-based biomaterials, particularly collagen has been abundantly found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of human tissue [ 21 ].…”

“…Strategies for applying the biomaterials to cure or treat diseases can be achieved in one of two approaches: either with the features of the nano-scaled materials used, or with the materials as a carrier molecule, to deliver active compounds pharmaceutically to the specific site [ 23 ]. Up until now, researchers have focused on nanoparticle-based biocompatible materials, which are increasingly prevalent and used in a variety of potential biomedical engineering applications, including drug delivery systems [ 24 ], wound healing [ 25 , 26 ], tissue engineering [ 20 , 27 ], dentistry [ 28 , 29 ], cancer therapy [ 30 ] and other related research areas. Despite their interesting applications, research into the use of nanoparticles as biomaterials is also broad [ 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”