Gelatin-assisted conglutination of aligned polycaprolactone nanofilms into a multilayered fibre-guiding scaffold for periodontal ligament regeneration

Abstract

The 3D-AL scaffold mimics the physiological structure of periodontal ligaments and could enhance the angulation of regenerated PDL.

Biomaterial-Based Approaches for Regeneration of Periodontal Ligament and Cementum Using 3D Platforms

“…In particular, the electrospun 2D membranes with unidirectional alignments or controllable-aligned patterns of nano-fibers were investigated for specific cell orientations and migrations to regulate cellular responses to designed microenvironments [56,57]. However, there is the limitation to create 3D directional internal architectures to regulate cell or tissue orientations with structural similarities to PDLs because periodontal connective tissues have the spatially perpendicular or oblique angulations to tooth-root surfaces as described above [51,58]. Jiang et al recently developed 3D architectures, which were stacked using electrospun nano-fibrous membranes and assembled with crosslinked chitosan hydrogels (Figure 6a) [51].…”

The Topographical Optimization of 3D Microgroove Pattern Intervals for Ligamentous Cell Orientations: In Vitro

“…Various studies have been investigated to promote the regeneration of periodontal complexes as tooth-supporting structures for natural tooth preservation [ 1 , 9 , 15 , 22 ]. However, it is still challenging to secure micron-scaled PDL interfaces against ankylosis (bone fusion to tooth-root surface) and form engineered PDL tissues under spatiotemporal controls of specific fiber orientations, which have oblique or perpendicular angulations to the tooth-root surfaces [ 23 , 24 ]. In particular, angular organizations of principal PDL bundles make significant contributions to modulate biomechanical stimulations during masticatory or occlusal loadings such as resistance or transmission of vertical or intrusive forces [ 6 , 8 , 25 ].…”

Layered scaffolds in periodontal regeneration

“… This membrane could induce osteogenic effect on BMSC 111 Gelatin/PCL fiber PDL Alveolar bone Bilayered electrospinning Aligned (fiber) PCL: facilitated to form and maturation collagen at periodontal defects than amorphous PCL This scaffold could provide good attachment and tissue-mimicking microenvironments for “seeding cells”, that is, human periodontal ligament mesenchyme cells (PDLSCs) and may become potential for periodontal regenerative medicine. 112 magnesium (Mg)and hydroxyapatite (HA) and bromelain/PVA/collagen/sericin Soft and hard tissue Bilayered electrospinning Mg/HA/bromelain: enhanced the mechanical, Physico-chemical, thermal, and biological features of the scaffold and. Also mimicking the complex structure of extracellular matrix/bromelain has an antibacterial effect fabricated scaffold has provided a good support in early healing of damaged periodontium with multiple tissue type by promoting cellular attachment, growth, and migration both in vitro and vivo studies 82 Upper layer: chitosan, Pluronic F127, and crosslinking agent Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) Middle layer: chitosan/HPMC/Bioactive glass25% (BG) Lower layer: chitosan/BG 50%/HPMC Alveolar bone trilayered lyophilization Upper layer: prevented the invasion of cells/not cell adhesion due to the not BG Lower layer: formed the porous structure/form alveolar bone/cell proliferation It is concluded that the trilayered membrane with bioactive glass gradient (0–50 wt%)could be applied asGTR/GBR membranes for the treatment of periodontitis.…”