Gd/HZSM-5 catalyst for conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons: Effects of amounts of the Gd loading and catalyst preparation method

Kim, Sungtak; Park, Gyungah; Kim, Seok Ki; Kim, Yong Tae; Jun, Ki‐Won; Kwak, Geunjae

doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.08.056

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The formation of polycondensed aromatic compounds enhanced catalyst stability. It was achieved by fabrication with Gd over the HZSM-5 catalyst, which reduced the coke formation by 50% . Zinc metal-was doped over the ZSM-5 catalyst in the MTA process at T = 723 K and WHSV = 4.74 h –1 .…”

Section: Methanol To Hydrocarbons (Mth) Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was achieved by fabrication with Gd over the HZSM-5 catalyst, which reduced the coke formation by 50%. 151 Zinc metal-was doped over the ZSM-5 catalyst in the MTA process at T = 723 K and WHSV = 4.74 h −1 . The distribution of ZnO species improved the BTX selectivity due to the presence of stronger acidic sites.…”

Section: Methanol To Hydrocarbons (Mth) Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Ali

Zaidi

2020

Energy Fuels

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As the need for petroleum products is increasing, it has led to increased crude oil prices. For an alternative approach, much research has been done in the field of catalytic conversion of methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH). The MTH process is suitable, which converts methanol directly into gasoline and other valuable hydrocarbons. The review provides information about methanol to olefins (MTO), methanol to aromatics (MTA), and MTH processes involved in converting oxygenates into hydrocarbons and information regarding methanol synthesis. It reviews the effect of physicochemical properties such as acidity, pore diameter, surface area, the catalyst’s lifetime, and process conditions on MTH transformation. The article shows different methods that are employed to change the zeolite’s acidic properties. These methods include acidic, alkaline, and steam heat treatment, which are also discussed. The results obtained after catalytic cracking of methanol were also validated by using several kinetic models proposed worldwide.

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Section: Methanol To Hydrocarbons (Mth) Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methanol To Hydrocarbons (Mth) Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Ali

Zaidi

2020

Energy Fuels

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“…This replacement simultaneously caused certain changes in the properties of zeolites such as thermal stability, pore size and catalytic activity. Over the last few years, metals and oxides of various metals such as Fe, 17 Mo, 18 Cu, 19 Pt, 20 Gd, 21 Ni, 22 Zn, 23 Ga 24 and La 25 have been used for improved catalytic performance in the framework of zeolite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of methanol to aromatics over ZSM-5/11 intergrowth Zeolites and bimetallic Zn-Cu-ZSM-5/11 and Ga-Ag-ZSM-5/11 catalysts prepared with direct synthesis method

2019

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Catalytic conversion of methanol to gasoline range hydrocarbons, especially aromatics was carried out in a fixed bed reactor over nano-crystal composite H-ZSM-5/11 zeolite synthesized by hydrothermal method. The metals of Zn, Cu, Ga and Ag as bimetallic Zn-Cu and Ga-Ag with different concentrations (3: 2, 5: 3) and (1:1, 3:2) respectively were selected for loading into the prepared zeolite catalysts. Direct synthesis method was used for incorporating metals. Prepared zeolites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, N 2 adsorption-desorption, ICP-OES, NH 3-TPD and FT-IR. After incorporation of metal species into the zeolites framework, the particles crystalline size was reduced, the intercrystalline porosity was increased, causing the formation of new moderate acid sites. The catalytic results illustrated that the incorporation of metal species enhanced the activity and catalyst stability in MTA reaction. BTX yield in ZSM-5/11 reached up at 23.5% to 30.4% and 25.88% with Zn-Cu-ZSM-5/11(1) and Ga-Ag-ZSM-5/11(1), respectively whereas heavier aromatics production reduced. Also, the comparison of catalysts with different metals content showed that due to improvement in structure and properties, low metal content zeolites have better performance in converting methanol to aromatics.

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“…21 Gd modified HZSM-5 catalysts not only improved the selectivity of olefins and aromatics via controlling the amount of Lewis acid sites but also reduced the carbon deposition by 50%. 22 Mg-ZSM-5 showed fewer Bronsted acid sites, while it possessed slightly more Lewis acid sites, resulting in significantly improved initial activity and lifetime. 23 Recently, [Mo 5 O 12 ] 6+ units were proved to interact with the framework of ZSM-5 to decrease the Bronsted acid sites remarkably, while increasing the Lewis acid sites.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Lewis and Brönsted acids of ZSM-5 zeolite were successfully modulated via introducing Ga, showing improved selectivity for aromatic compounds because of the presence of GaO + species . Gd modified HZSM-5 catalysts not only improved the selectivity of olefins and aromatics via controlling the amount of Lewis acid sites but also reduced the carbon deposition by 50% . Mg-ZSM-5 showed fewer Brönsted acid sites, while it possessed slightly more Lewis acid sites, resulting in significantly improved initial activity and lifetime .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co₃O₄ Nanosheet Wrapped Commercial HZSM-5 for Promoting Catalytic Cracking of n-Decane and Anticoking Activities

Lin

Lan

Han

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Endothermic hydrocarbon fuel has many advantages as a cooling medium in hypersonic aircraft; however substantial application has been greatly hindered due to easy coking, uncontrollable gas products, and low heat sink issues. Catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon fuel has been regarded as one of the most effective ways to improve the heat sink via modulating the cracking pathway. The incipient-wetness impregnation method was selected to load Co salts in commercial ZSM-5 in a large-scale manner; subsequent calcination in Ar gas resulted in Co 3 O 4 nanosheet wrapped HZSM-5 composites. Salinization treatment was adopted to facilitate the dispersion of catalyst in a nonpolar solvent. The ratio of Bronsted/Lewis acidity decreased from 8.00 to 2.79 after modification by Co 3 O 4 nanosheets. The synergistically catalytic effect between Co 3 O 4 nanosheets and ZSM-5 was beneficial to the generation of a larger gas production rate with higher content of alkene, and thus resulting in a higher heat sink than benchmarked fuels. Catalytic cracking of n-decane (C10) in the presence of 0.1 wt % Co 3 O 4 nanosheets@ZSM-5 could yield a heat sink as high as 4.64 MJ/kg at 758 °C, much higher than those of bare ZSM-5 (2.99 MJ/kg at 687 °C) and thermal cracking of C10 (3.77 MJ/kg at 728 °C). Meanwhile, the smart combination of Co 3 O 4 nanosheets and commercial ZSM-5 could effectively suppress the coke deposition on the external surface of composites, thus resulting in efficient catalytic cracking at elevated temperatures for obtaining a higher heat sink.

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Gd/HZSM-5 catalyst for conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons: Effects of amounts of the Gd loading and catalyst preparation method

Cited by 43 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Conversion of methanol to aromatics over ZSM-5/11 intergrowth Zeolites and bimetallic Zn-Cu-ZSM-5/11 and Ga-Ag-ZSM-5/11 catalysts prepared with direct synthesis method

Co₃O₄ Nanosheet Wrapped Commercial HZSM-5 for Promoting Catalytic Cracking of n-Decane and Anticoking Activities

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Gd/HZSM-5 catalyst for conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons: Effects of amounts of the Gd loading and catalyst preparation method

Cited by 43 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Studies of Methanol Transformation to Hydrocarbons Using Zeolite-Based Catalysts: A Review

Conversion of methanol to aromatics over ZSM-5/11 intergrowth Zeolites and bimetallic Zn-Cu-ZSM-5/11 and Ga-Ag-ZSM-5/11 catalysts prepared with direct synthesis method

Co3O4 Nanosheet Wrapped Commercial HZSM-5 for Promoting Catalytic Cracking of n-Decane and Anticoking Activities

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Product

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Co₃O₄ Nanosheet Wrapped Commercial HZSM-5 for Promoting Catalytic Cracking of n-Decane and Anticoking Activities