GCMS analysis of Cannabis sativa L. from four different areas of Pakistan

Tayyab, Muhammad; Shahwar, Durre

doi:10.1016/j.ejfs.2014.07.008

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To investigate the phytochemical compounds of C. nutans in different locations, GC-MS had been successfully applied. The GC-MS analysis had been used for plants such as Ziziphus spina-christi (Moustafa, Hesham, Quraishi, & Alrumman, 2016), Cannabis sativa (Tayyab & Shahwar, 2015), and Justicia adhatoda (Gilani, Fujii, Kikuchi, Shinwari, & Watanabe, 2011) to determined variations of chemical compounds found in different locations. In recent years, the screening of phytochemical compounds of C. nutans has already been studied such as stigmasterol, belutin, C-glycosyl flavones, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin, sulfur-containing glycosides, monoacylmonogalatosylglycerol, lupeol, β-sitosterol, shaftoside, isomollupentin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside, glycoglycerolipids and cerebrosides (Sakdarat, Shuyprom, Pientong, Ekalaksananan, & Thongchai, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) in Different Locations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinacanthus nutans is an essential medicinal plant that had been used in various local remedies to treat many illnesses. A study had been conducted to determine the phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant activities and phytochemical compounds of C. nutans in different locations. C. nutans were harvested from eight locations and the leaves were extracted with 80 % methanol by maceration process. Then, the phytochemical screening using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), 2,2 diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay method, total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu's assay method and total flavonoid content by aluminium chloride (AlCl 3 ) were carried out. The C. nutans extracts showed higher antioxidant activities than phenolic and flavonoid content. The neutral pH sandy clay soil from location KKK (Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia) had higher antioxidant activities (58.0 %), phenolic (44.1 mg GA.100 g -1 ) and flavonoid content (30.8 mg QE.100 g -1 ) compared to other locations. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of phytochemicals constituents of 20 compounds. The results revealed that environmental factors (light intensity, temperature and soil characteristics) of eight locations were responsible for variations of phenolic, flavonoids, antioxidants and GC-MS analysis in C. nutans. The findings of this study will provide baseline data for future breeding programs for commercial cultivation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) in Different Locations

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…flame ionisation detector (FID) and mass spectrometry (MS), is one of those analytical tools that has been used extensively to analyse cannabinoids. [5][6][7][8] Over the past decade, with the advancement of computational tools, MS databases, and various advanced detection technologies, GC has become one of the major tools in forensic, pharmacokinetic and phytochemical analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids. This review aims to capture the developments in GC methods applied to cannabinoids analysis since 2009, and to appraise the scientific publications in this topic published in the past decade.…”

Section: Figure 1 Cannabinoids In Different Matrices Analysed By Gas mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and was shown to be potentially useful in the monitoring of cannabinoid pharmacotherapy and illicit cannabis use. 43 A GC-MS method was also reported for the determination of CBG (5), which in its acid form is one of the major intermediates in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids in C. sativa, in urine samples of cannabis users. 44 The study demonstrated that, like other cannabinoids, CBG (5) also enters the body during smoking cannabis and is excreted in the urine in its conjugated glucuronide form.…”

Section: Urine Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural cannabinoids, also known as phytocannabinoids, are concentrated in a viscous resin produced in the glandular trichomes of C. sativa, and can be structurally classified into at least eight different classes, i.e. cannabigerols (5,CBG), cannabichromenes (1,CBC), cannabidiols (3,CBD), tetrahydrocannabinols (10,THC) and cannabinols (7,CBN), cannabielsoins, iso-tetrahydrocannabinols, cannabicyclols (2, CBCL), and cannabicitrans. 2 Medicinal cannabis generally has a higher level of CBD (> 20%) than THC (approximately 1%), whereas recreational cannabis contains higher amounts of THC (> 20%) than CBD (approximately 2%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade

Nahar

Chen

Sarker

2019

Phytochemical Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Cannabinoids are organic compounds, natural or synthetic, that bind to the cannabinoid receptors and have similar pharmacological properties as produced by the cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa. Gas chromatography (GC), e.g. gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), is a popular analytical tool that has been used extensively to analyse cannabinoids in various matrices. Objective To review published literature on the use of various GC‐based analytical methods for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids published during the past decade. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was performed utilising several databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and other relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with cannabinoids being present in all combinations, in the search were cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, marijuana, analysis, GC, quantitative, qualitative and quality control. Results During the past decade, several GC‐based methods for the analysis of cannabinoids have been reported. While simple one‐dimensional (1D) GC–MS and GC‐FID (flame ionisation detector) methods were found to be quite common in cannabinoids analysis, two‐dimensional (2D) GC–MS as well as GC–MS/MS also were popular because of their ability to provide more useful data for identification and quantification of cannabinoids in various matrices. Some degree of automation in sample preparation, and applications of mathematical and computational models for optimisation of different protocols were observed, and pre‐analyses included various derivatisation techniques, and environmentally friendly extraction protocols. Conclusions GC‐based analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids, especially using GC–MS, has dominated the cannabinoids analysis in the last decade; new derivatisation methods, new ionisation methods, and mathematical models for method optimisation have been introduced.

show abstract

“…6g of dry powder of each plant was soaked in 60 ml ethanol [21]. The flask was shaken, this process repeated for 3 d. Then it was filtered and evaporated at room temperature.…”

Section: Extraction Of Samples For Gc-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gc-MS Profile of in Vivo and in Vitro Shoots of Cleome Gynandra L.

Karthikeyan¹,

Sudan²

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Investigation of the bioactive compounds from the ethanol shoot extracts of in vivo and in vitro plants of Cleome gynandra (C. gynandra) through GC-MS analysis. Methods:The nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin-6-furfurylaminopurine (Kin) and indole 3 acetic acids (IAA) for shoot induction. In the present study, the phytochemical constituents were analyzed from the ethanol extract of in vivo and in vitro plants of C. gynandra using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The mass spectrum of the ethanol extract was compared with the available library sources.Results: In the present study, different concentrations of cytokinins and in the combination of IAA are used to develop regenerated shoots. The maximum number of shoots was obtained 9.2±0.41 with the length of 6.6 cm and highest frequency of (100%) shoot induction was observed on MS medium containing 10 μM BAP with 4 μM IAA. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the shoots of in vivo and in vitro plants contained 21phytochemicals, of these 3 components were similar in both in vivo and in vitro plants, 2 phytochemical's are repeated with different RT, 7 components are having biological activity and in the remaining 9 components, biological activities are not reported. Conclusion:The present study, the in vitro regeneration, combinations of hormones (10 μM BAP plus 4 μM IAA) tested showed the best result than individual and also revealed that the synthesis of more number of phytochemicals present in the ethanolic extracts of in vitro plants than the in vivo plants of C. gynandra.

show abstract

GCMS analysis of Cannabis sativa L. from four different areas of Pakistan

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) in Different Locations

Determination of Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant Activities and GC-MS Analysis of Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae) in Different Locations

Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade

Gc-MS Profile of in Vivo and in Vitro Shoots of Cleome Gynandra L.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About