GC–MS and HPLC supported phytochemical analysis of watercress and the protective role against paraben toxicity

Kurt, Deniz; Yalçın, Emine; Çavuşoğlu, Kültiğin

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-22380-7

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The severity of hypochromic shift increased as the MnCl 2 dose increased. The hypochromic shift indicates that molecules interact with DNA via intercalation binding mode 23,24 . The hypochromic shift of the DNA-MnCl 2 complex, which causes a decrease in absorbance, indicates the intercalation property of MnCl 2 .…”

Section: Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening the toxicity profile and genotoxicity mechanism of excess manganese confirmed by spectral shift

Tümer

Çavuşoğlu

Yalçın

2022

Sci Rep

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In this study, the toxicity induced by excessive doses of manganese (MnCl2), which is one of the essential trace elements for the continuation of the metabolic activities of the organisms, was investigated with the help of the Allium test. Toxicity was investigated by using physiological (percent germination, root length, weight gain), cytogenetic [mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), chromosomal abnormalities (CAs)], biochemical [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalase (CAT)] and anatomical (root tip meristematic cell damage) parameters. Allium cepa L. bulbs were divided into four groups as one control and three treatments. The control group was germinated with tap water, and the treatment groups were germinated with 250, 500 and 1000 µM doses of MnCl2. The germination process was continued for 72 h without interruption. At the end of the period, the root tips were collected, washed in distilled water and made ready for microscopic and spectrophotometric analyzes with the help of routine preparation techniques. As a result, the highest germination percentage, root length, weight gain and MI, and the lowest MN frequency, CAs numbers, MDA level, SOD and CAT enzyme activities were determined in the control group (group I). MnCl2 exposure caused a decrease in physiological parameter values and an increase in cytogenetic (except MI) and biochemical parameter values, depending on the dose. MnCl2 exposure induced MN and CAs such as fragment, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, unequal distribution of chromatin and bridge. This genotoxic effect of MnCl2 was associated with DNA–MnCl2 interaction, and this interaction was also confirmed by bathochromic and hypochromic shifts in spectral analysis. Anatomical damages such as epidermis cell damage, flattened cell nucleus, cortex cell damage and cortex cell wall thickening were observed after MnCl2 treatment. As a result, it has been determined that excessive doses of the trace element Mn cause physiological, cytogenetic, biochemical and anatomical toxicity and A. cepa test material is a reliable bio-indicator in determining this toxicity.

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Section: Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening the toxicity profile and genotoxicity mechanism of excess manganese confirmed by spectral shift

Tümer

Çavuşoğlu

Yalçın

2022

Sci Rep

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“…The high reactivity of phenols with formaldehyde suggests the use of polyphenols in the scavenging process of this compound (Li et al 2023 ). Polyphenols are important antioxidant compounds and provide important defense against cell damage (Macar et al 2020 ; Aydin et al 2022 ; Kurt et al 2023 ). Takagaki et al ( 2000 ) reported that some polyphenols such as epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate eliminated formaldehyde at a rate of 86.4% and 81.5%, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of formaldehyde exposure on phytochemical content and functional activity of Agaricus bisporus (Lge.) Sing.

Kutluer

2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study, the effect of formaldehyde on phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Agaricus bisporus was investigated. Synthetic compost based on wheat straw was prepared by fermentation and disinfection. After steam pasteurization, 5 g of A. bisporus mycelia were inoculated into 1 kg of compost. To determine the effects of formaldehyde, 2, 4, and 6% concentrations were added to the composts, while compost without formaldehyde was used for the control group. The harvesting period was set at 10 weeks. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, macro- and microelement profile, and phenolic content were analyzed in the harvested A. bisporus samples. Macro- and microelement content was determined by ICP-OES, and phenolic compound profile was determined by LC-MS/MS analysis. Formaldehyde levels in A. bisporus samples were determined by the acetylacetone spectrophotometry method. The antioxidant capacity of A. bisporus samples was determined by DPPH scavenging activity; antimutagenic effects of samples were determined by Allium test. Application of 2, 4, and 6% formaldehyde resulted in a 1.12-, 1.19-, and 2.07-fold reduction in total phenolic content, respectively. The total phenolic content was reduced between 34.4% and 71.8%. These changes were confirmed by LC-MS/MS analysis. Compounds such as protocatechuic acid, salicylic acid, ferulic acid, and 4-OH benzoic acid, which were detected in the control group, could not be detected in the samples treated with 6% formaldehyde, and it was found that the application of formaldehyde reduced the phenolic content. Similar changes were also observed in macro- and microelements, and significant changes in elemental contents were observed after formaldehyde application. While the presence of formaldehyde at a low level, which may be due to natural production, was detected in the control group, a residue of 11.41 ± 0.93 mg/kg was determined in the 6% FMD applied group. All these changes resulted in a decrease in the antioxidant activity of A. bisporus. The DPPH scavenging activity, which was determined in the range of 21.6–73.3% in the control samples, decreased to 12.3–56.7% in the samples treated with formaldehyde. These results indicate that the application of formaldehyde at different stages of A. bisporus cultivation leads to significant changes in the nutritional value and biological activity of A. bisporus.

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“…MDA concentration was determined as µM/g FW (Macar et al 2020 ). GSH analysis was performed using the Kurt et al ( 2023 ) protocol. The measurement of each parameter was performed in triplicate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-vivo and in-silico studies to identify toxicity mechanisms of permethrin with the toxicity-reducing role of ginger

Himtaş,

Yalçin,

Çavuşoğlu

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study, the toxic effects of permethrin on Allium cepa L. and the protective role of Zingiber officinale rhizome extract (Zoex) were investigated. In this context, 6 different groups were formed. While the control group was treated with tap water, the groups II and III were treated with 10 µg/mL and 20 µg/mL Zoex, respectively, and the group IV was treated with 100 µg/L permethrin. The protective effect of Zoex against permethrin toxicity was studied as a function of dose, and groups V and VI formed for this purpose were treated with 10 µg/mL Zoex + 100 µg/L permethrin and 20 µg/mL Zoex + 100 µg/L permethrin, respectively. After 72 h of germination, cytogenetic, biochemical, physiological, and anatomical changes in meristematic cells of A. cepa were studied. As a result, permethrin application decreased the mitotic index (MI) and increased the frequency of micronuclei (MN), and chromosomal abnormalities. The increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and the decrease in glutathione (GSH) indicate that permethrin causes oxidative damage. Compared to the control group, a 68.5% decrease in root elongation (p < 0.05) and an 81.8% decrease (p < 0.05) in weight gain were observed in the permethrin-treated group. It was found that the application of Zoex together with permethrin resulted in regression of all detected abnormalities, reduction in the incidence of anatomical damage, MN and chromosomal aberrations, and improvement in MI rates. The most significant improvement was observed in group VI treated with 20 µg/mL Zoex, and Zoex was also found to provide dose-dependent protection. The toxicity mechanism of permethrin was also elucidated by molecular docking and spectral studies. From the data obtained during the study, it was found that permethrin has toxic effects on A. cepa, a non-target organism, while Zoex plays a protective role by reducing these effects.

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GC–MS and HPLC supported phytochemical analysis of watercress and the protective role against paraben toxicity

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Screening the toxicity profile and genotoxicity mechanism of excess manganese confirmed by spectral shift

Screening the toxicity profile and genotoxicity mechanism of excess manganese confirmed by spectral shift

Effect of formaldehyde exposure on phytochemical content and functional activity of Agaricus bisporus (Lge.) Sing.

In-vivo and in-silico studies to identify toxicity mechanisms of permethrin with the toxicity-reducing role of ginger

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