GC–MS analysis of chemical constituents and determination of the total antioxidant capacity of adult powder of Periplaneta americana

Abstract

Edible insects are alternative sources of high protein. Southeast Asia, South America, Africa, and Europe have recorded edible insects and, especially in Europe and America, there are factories that produce insects as food. In some areas of China, there has also been the habit of eating insects since ancient times. Periplaneta americana is an insect with the homology of medicine and food. In recent years, its medicinal and nutritional functions have attracted extensive attention and research. Its adult powder has been certified as a health product. It not only contains a variety of proteins but also is rich in fatty acids. The composition and antioxidant function of adult powder extract was analyzed in this study. Using adult P. americana powder as the raw material, it was extracted with n-Hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) removed a total of 60 compounds, and many active components were extracted from P. americana powder for the first time. The parts and relative content of each extracted sample were obtained, and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of each extracted piece was determined, among which the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate was the highest.

Entomotherapeutic Role of Periplaneta americana Extract in Alleviating Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Testicular Oxidative Impairment in Migratory Locusts (Locusta migratoria) as an Ecotoxicological Model

“…The pretreatment of locusts with PAE resulted in a significant lessening of the Al accumulated in the testes. This is likely related to the chelating activity of PAE, due to the presence of several compounds with high antioxidant features along with chelation properties in relation to the nanoparticles [ 20 ].…”

“…Based on the findings of a previous study [ 20 ], some PAE compounds were chosen for molecular docking analysis in order to predict the antioxidant capacity implicated in our studied extract. The compounds, 7a-Methyl-1,2,3,6,7,7a-hexahydro-5H-inden-5-one (MHI), Methyl 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoate (MTTD), Methylenebis (2,4,6triisopropylphenylphosphine) (MTP), Propanoic acid-ethyl ester (PAE) and oleic acid- methyl ester (OAM) were subjected to molecular docking analysis using two crystal macromolecular structures and 1AR5 and 8CAT targets to probe the antioxidant activity of these ligands.…”

“…So far, very little attention has been paid to antioxidant-derived insects to tackle the deleterious consequences of the metal NPs. Traditional Chinese medicine has widely used an insect-derived whole-body extract of the cockroach Periplaneta americana [ 20 ]. It has been reported that it has remarkable antimicrobial [ 21 , 22 ] and anti-inflammatory properties [ 23 ].…”

Phytochemical Profiling, Isolation, and Pharmacological Applications of Bioactive Compounds from Insects of the Family Blattidae Together with Related Drug Development

“…Firstly, the 70% alcohol extract of PA was separated and seven types of isocoumarins were obtained (see Figure 4). Among them, (3R)-methyl-6,8-dihydroxy-7-formoxyl-3,4dihydroisocoumarin ( 5), (3R)-methyl-6,8-dihydroxy-7-methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin ( 6), (3R)-ethyl-6,8-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin ( 7), (3S)-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dihydroxy-7methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin (8) are new compounds and (3R)-ethyl-6,8-dihydroxy-7-methyl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin ( 9), (R)-6-hydroxymellein (10), and (3R)-methyl-7-hydroxymethyl-8hydroxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (11) are known compounds [49]. When the above components were tested for cytotoxic activity using the MTT method, it was found that compounds 7 and 8 were new compounds and that compound 9 had the effect of inhibiting the activity of tumor cells, i.e., Hep G2 and MCF-7 cells.…”

“…In general, their bioactive constituents exhibit stronger pharmacological effects than those of plants. As the famous representative, the insects of the family Blattidae have a long history of medicinal application, and some studies have demonstrated their antitumor [1][2][3], tissue repair [4][5][6], antibacterial [7], antiviral [8], and other pharmacological effects [9,10]. The family Blattidae belongs to Arthropoda, Insecta, Pterygota, Blattariae in entomological taxonomy, which has existed on the earth for 320 million years [11].…”