GBP5 Expression Predicted Prognosis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Small Cell Lung Cancer and Correlated with Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Abstract

Background The discovery and development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly enhanced the arsenal of immunotherapy treatments available for cancer patients. The identification of biomarkers that are indicative of an individual’s sensitivity to treatment with ICIs is useful for screening SCLC patients prior to commencement of any ICIs based immunotherapy. However, the relationship between GBP5 and the prognosis of SCLC immunotherapy is still unclear and requires further study. Methods We downloaded two SCLC datasets, namely the George-SCLC and Jiang-SCLC cohorts. We used the TIDE algorithm to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy for SCLC patients. The QuanTIseq, MCPcounter, and EPIC algorithms are used to calculate the proportions of immune cells in SCLC patients. Additionally, we retrospectively collected 35 SCLC samples from the first affiliated hospital of the Hengyang Medical school. Results Patients in each cohort were devided into two groups with high (GBP5-High) and low (GBP5-Low) expression of GBP5. In both cohorts, the GBP5-High population had a higher proportion of patients that responded well to immunotherapy (responders) (p < 0.05). In addition, both GBP5-High subgroups had significantly increased cytotoxicity, chemokines, antigen presenting, and TNF family related genes. We also determined that GBP5 was related to high-level infiltration of B cells, CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells and NK cells. Conclusion In this study, we found that GBP5 has the potential to be used as a biomarker of ICIs efficacy for SCLC patients. GBP5 is related to the quantity of inflammatory molecules, a high level of immune infiltration, and a highly activated immune response pathway.

The combination of single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis decodes the melanoma tumor microenvironment and identifies novel T cell-associated signature genes

“…As we mentioned, T cells in cancers is associated with better outcomes of tumor patients [28]. Previous studies have found that lung cancer patients with high GBP5 respond better to immunotherapy and have a better prognosis [29], and we rstly found that GBP5 may be bene cial for patients in SKCM. In addition, the PRDM1, PIM2 and IL27RA have also been found to affect the prognosis and development of tumors, such as hematological malignancies and hepatocellular carcinoma [30][31][32], and their roles in SKCM have been reported for the rst time.…”

Identification of diagnostic biomarkers correlate with immune infiltration in extra-pulmonary tuberculosis by integrating bioinformatics and machine learning

“…Memory B cell, Effector memory CD4 T cell, Central memory CD4 T cell and Activated dendritic cell were associated with more than two key genes ( p < 0.001). HOOK1 is strongly associated with M2 macrophages in endometriosis (Wang et al, 2023 ), and GBP5 is associated with a high infiltration of B-cells, CD4+ T-cells, CD8+ T-cells, and NK-cells in small cell lung cancer (Tong et al, 2023 ). These high correlations suggest an important role for these genes in immune regulation and inflammation.…”