Gay and Lesbian Identity Development: An Overview for Social Workers

Levy, Denise L.

doi:10.1080/10911350903126866

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…As such, the LGIS and LGBIS assess self-views and social experiences that are formed through socialization processes that are unique to sexual-minority people (Mohr & Fassinger, 2000). This conceptualization is in line with minority stress (Meyer, 2003), sexual stigma (Herek, Gillis, & Cogan, 2009), and queer theoretical (Levy, 2009) understandings of identity (Cramer, Golom, Gemberling, Trost, Lewis, & Wright, 2018). The LGBIS is an extension of the LGIS because it includes two additional subscales and was validated-as implied by its name-for individuals who identified themselves as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (Mohr & Kendra, 2011).…”

Section: The Lesbian Gay and Bisexual Identity Scale (Lgbis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The English and German versions of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale: Establishing measurement invariance across nationality and gender groups.

Niepel¹,

Greiff²,

Mohr³

et al. 2019

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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Measurement invariance studies on the eight subscales of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale (LGBIS; Mohr & Kendra, 2011) have not yet been conducted. We initially tested the LGBIS subscales for measurement invariance across nationality groups (Americans and Germans) and gender groups (lesbian women and gay men). To this end, we adapted the LGBIS into German (LGBIS-DE) and tested its psychometric properties. We drew on a sample of 1,625 participants who identified themselves as gay or lesbian from the United States (244 gay men, 191 lesbian women) and Germany (628 gay men, 562 lesbian women). A confirmatory factor analysis supported the eight-factor structure of the LGBIS-DE, and the reliabilities of the factor scores were found to be sufficiently high. In our main analyses, we used multigroup confirmatory factor analyses to test for configural, metric, and scalar invariance. In the American and German samples (using the LGBIS vs. LGBIS-DE), metric invariance was established for all eight scales; (partial) scalar invariance for seven of the eight scales. For American lesbian women versus American gay men (using the LGBIS) and for German lesbian women versus German gay men (using the LGBIS-DE), scalar invariance was established for all eight subscales. Results suggest that the LGBIS-DE can be used to study sexual-minority identity in German-speaking countries. Further, the LGBIS and LGBIS-DE subscales can largely be used for comparative research across nationality groups (residents of the United States and Germany) and used with no reservations across gender within nationality groups (lesbian women and gay men). Bislang wurden nie alle acht Subskalen des Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale (LGBIS; Mohr & Kendra, 2011) in einer Studie auf Messinvarianz getestet. Mit der vorliegenden Studie überprüften wir daher zum ersten Mal, ob die Subskalen des LGBIS messinvariant über Gruppen verschiedener Nationalitäten (USA und Deutschland) und Geschlechter (lesbische Frauen und schwule Männer) sind. Hierfür adaptierten wir den LGBIS ins Deutsche (LGBIS-DE) und überprüften dessen psychometrische Eigenschaften. Unsere Stichprobe bestand aus 1625 schwulen und lesbischen Probanden aus den USA (244 schwule Männer, 191 lesbische Frauen) und Deutschland (628 schwule Männer, 562 lesbische Frauen). Eine konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse bestätigte die achtfaktorielle Struktur des LGBIS-DE, die erhaltenen Reliabilitäten lagen allesamt im zufriedenstellenden Bereich. Für die Messinvarianztestung nutzten wir konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen im Mehrgruppenvergleich und testeten konfigurale, metrische und skalare Messinvarianz. Über die deutsche und amerikanische Stichrobe hinweg konnte für alle acht Subskalen metrische Messinvarianz etabliert werden (LGBIS vs. LGBIS-DE); für sieben von acht Subskalen konnte (partielle) skalare Messinvarianz etabliert werden. Für lesbische Frauen und schwule Männer aus den USA (getestet mit dem LGBIS) sowie für lesbische Frauen und schwule Männer aus Deutschland (getestet mit dem LGBIS-DE)...

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Section: The Lesbian Gay and Bisexual Identity Scale (Lgbis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The English and German versions of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale: Establishing measurement invariance across nationality and gender groups.

Niepel¹,

Greiff²,

Mohr³

et al. 2019

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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“…Although empirically unsubstantiated, the notion of experimentation as a theoretical explanation fits well with other models of the coming out process for sexual orientation minority persons. As summarized by Levy (2009) models of coming out tend to include themes of encountering the idea that one may differ in terms of sexual identity, exploring same-sex identity possibilities cognitively, emotionally, and behaviorally, and arriving at some sense of identity acceptance or integration. It is noteworthy that such models use differing numbers of stages and assumptions concerning whether all sexual orientation minority persons undergo all steps (Levy, 2009).…”

Section: Theoretical Underpinnings Of the Klein Sexual Orientation Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As summarized by Levy (2009) models of coming out tend to include themes of encountering the idea that one may differ in terms of sexual identity, exploring same-sex identity possibilities cognitively, emotionally, and behaviorally, and arriving at some sense of identity acceptance or integration. It is noteworthy that such models use differing numbers of stages and assumptions concerning whether all sexual orientation minority persons undergo all steps (Levy, 2009). However, given that the coming out process can be conceptualized as developmental over the life course, more theoretical grounding is provided for Klein and colleagues’ inclusion of past, present, and future self-assessments.…”

Section: Theoretical Underpinnings Of the Klein Sexual Orientation Gr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A confirmatory factor analytic evaluation of the Klein Sexual Orientation Grid.

Cramer

Chevalier

Gemberling

et al. 2015

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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The Klein Sexual Orientation Grid (KSOG) is a commonly used framework in research and public education despite limited psychometric evaluation to date. Previous literature argues for theory-or Principal Components Analysis (PCA)-driven KSOG models based on time (i.e., past, present, and future self-concept) across 7 dimensions, or nuanced factor structures combining time with general sexual orientation subscales. Using a sample of 277 self-identified lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) community members in a low socioeconomic stats (SES) urban district, the present study exposed these KSOG models, as well as 2 single-factor total scores, to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We further tested evidence of disparities in past, present and future (ideal) scores, as well as the possibility of a unique factor structure in the present sample. Results showed the following: (a) significant, yet modestly sized, differences in past scores from present and ideal scores; (b) inadequate statistical fit of all previous KSOG factor structures; and (c) a complex and unique 3-factor structure in the present sample which also failed to display adequate fit after exposure to CFA modeling. Implications are discussed emphasizing KSOG refinement and careful consideration when using the KSOG in research, education, and practice. We also offer future research directions for additional KSOG development.

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“…Giving up the more valued "straight" identity for a sexual minority identity also entails giving up the privileges associated with any majority status, so identity development may be a more complex process. With heterosexuality the norm in many cultures, gay and lesbian persons must develop an identity that runs counter to their own socialization, complicating the process (Levy, 2009).…”

Section: Lesbian and Gay Identity Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counseling Lesbian and Gay College Students through the Lens of Cass's and Chickering's Developmental Models

Zubernis

Snyder

McCoy

2011

Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling

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At some point, every college freshman asks "Am I okay?" or "Am I normal?" This question becomes more complicated when students who are lesbian or gay seek counseling. The universal issues that most college students encounter are compounded by struggles with developing a positive sexual identity while coping with prejudice. This article uses the seminal developmental theories of Chickering and Cass as the basis for exploration of and recommended interventions for some of the unique issues that lesbian and gay students face during their college experiences. The authors explore the impact of campus climate and community and provide suggestions for helping lesbian and gay students transition to and thrive in the college milieu.College life is challenging for all students. Stress, relationship difficulties, and developmental transitions can all interfere with a successful college experience and personal satisfaction. Students who are lesbian or gay experience the same stressors that affect all college students but may have the additional stress related to being a sexual minority. Awareness of these challenges and how they interact with student developmental theory can help counselors work more effectively with lesbian and gay students.Although acceptance of sexual diversity is increasing, there remains ongoing marginalization and stigma associated with sexual minorities, and a

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Gay and Lesbian Identity Development: An Overview for Social Workers

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

The English and German versions of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale: Establishing measurement invariance across nationality and gender groups.

The English and German versions of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale: Establishing measurement invariance across nationality and gender groups.

A confirmatory factor analytic evaluation of the Klein Sexual Orientation Grid.

Counseling Lesbian and Gay College Students through the Lens of Cass's and Chickering's Developmental Models

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