GATA‐binding protein 3 and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 as a potential diagnostic marker for extramammary Paget's disease

Abstract

Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a malignant neoplasm that arises in areas rich in apocrine glands. 1 Mammary Paget's disease was first described by James Paget in 1874. 2 Radcliffe Crocker reported EMPD involving the scrotum and penis in 1889, 3 and William Dubreuilh described vulvar EMPD in 1901. 4 As of now, it has been known that EMPD occurs more frequently in Asians (10 cases per million) than in Westerners (0.9 cases per million), and the most frequently affected site is the vulva, followed by perianal, scrotal, and penile skin. 5 In the clinical diagnosis of EMPD, it is often misdiagnosed as many other benign inflammatory skin diseases such as contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, and superficial fungal infections due to

Immunocytochemical markers, molecular testing and digital cytopathology for aspiration cytology of metastatic breast carcinoma

“…15,30 It should be noted that these markers are not entirely expressed exclusively in (metastatic) breast carcinomas. Differentials should be considered, including urothelial carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and trophoblastic lesions for GATA3; 31 prostatic carcinoma and skin adnexal tumours for GCDFP15; 32,33 breast cancers but also in nerve sheath and melanocytic tumours. 35 There is evidence showing that GATA3 is superior in sensitivity compared to mammaglobin and GCDFP15 as a single marker, 15 but the relative positive rates vary according to the composition of breast carcinomas in different cohorts.…”

“…It should be noted that these markers are not entirely expressed exclusively in (metastatic) breast carcinomas. Differentials should be considered, including urothelial carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and trophoblastic lesions for GATA3; 31 prostatic carcinoma and skin adnexal tumours for GCDFP15; 32,33 gynaecological and salivary gland carcinomas for mammaglobin 34 . SOX10 is positive not only in hormone‐negative breast cancers but also in nerve sheath and melanocytic tumours 35 .…”