Gastrointestinal Host–Microbial Interactions in Mammals and Fish: Comparative Studies in Man, Mice, Rats, Pigs, Horses, Cows, Elks, Reindeers, Salmon and Cod

Collinder, Eje; Björnhag, Göran; Cardona, Maria E.; Norin, Elisabeth; Rehbinder, Claes; Midtvedt, Tore

doi:10.1080/08910600310014980

Cited by 33 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The absence of coprostanol in the present study is in accordance with previous findings in GF animals (Collinder et al., 2003a). A few strictly anaerobic bacteria have been associated with the reduction of cholesterol to coprostanol.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biochemical Intestinal Parameters in Germ‐free Minipigs and Rats and in Ex‐germ‐free Minipigs and Rats Monoassociated with Escherichia coli

Cardona

Kozáková

Collinder

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Intestinal contents of newborn and young germ-free minipigs and germ-free rats were investigated for the following biochemical parameters - conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol, degradation of beta-aspartylglycine, level of tryptic activity, formation of urobilinogen and the profile of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, germ-free minipigs and germ-free rats were monoassociated with non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli and were investigated for the same biochemical parameters. The conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol, degradation of beta-aspartylglycine, tryptic activity and the short-chain fatty acid profile were similar to those found in previous studies in germ-free animals. Slightly higher amounts of urobilinogen than in the other species investigated so far were found in samples from germ-free and monoassociated minipigs. Except for the total amount of short-chain fatty acids in rats, monoassociation with E. coli did not alter any of the parameters either in the minipigs or in the rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Biochemical Intestinal Parameters in Germ‐free Minipigs and Rats and in Ex‐germ‐free Minipigs and Rats Monoassociated with Escherichia coli

Cardona

Kozáková

Collinder

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…This has been shown for different species, for example, men, rats (Collinder et al, 2003) and pigs (Hopwood and Hampson, 2003). For example, the composition and activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota is influenced by immune and stress status of the host, pathogen pressure originating from the environment and competition for substrates of endogenous and exogenous origin, such as carbohydrates, AA or minerals (Stewart et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Impact of dietary protein on microbiota composition and activity in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets in relation to gut health: a review

Rist

Weiss

Eklund

et al. 2013

Animal

219

198

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In pigs, the microbial ecosystem of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is influenced by various factors; however, variations in diet composition have been identified as one of the most important determinants. Marked changes in fermentation activities and microbial ecology may occur when altering the diet, for example, from milk to solid feed during weaning. In that way, access of pathogens to the disturbed ecosystem is alleviated, leading to infectious diseases and diarrhea. Thus, there is increasing interest in improving intestinal health by use of dietary ingredients suitable to beneficially affect the microbial composition and activity. For example, fermentable carbohydrates have been shown to promote growth of beneficial Lactobacillus species and bifidobacteria, thereby enhancing colonization resistance against potential pathogens or production of short-chain fatty acids, which can be used as energy source for epithelial cells. On the other hand, fermentation of protein results in the production of various potentially toxic products, such as amines and NH3, and is often associated with growth of potential pathogens. In that way, excessive protein intake has been shown to stimulate the growth of potentially pathogenic species such as Clostridium perfringens, and to reduce fecal counts of beneficial bifidobacteria. Therefore, it seems to be a promising approach to support growth and metabolic activity of the beneficial microbiota by developing suitable feeding strategies. For example, a reduction of dietary CP content and, at the same time, dietary supplementation with fermentable carbohydrates have proven to successfully suppress protein fermentation. In addition, the intestinal microbiota seems to be sensible to variations in dietary protein source, such as the use of highly digestible protein sources may reduce growth of protein-fermenting and potentially pathogenic species. The objective of the present review is to assess the impact of dietary protein on microbiota composition and activity in the GIT of piglets. Attention will be given to studies designed to determine the effect of variations in total protein supply, protein source and supplementation of fermentable carbohydrates to the diet on composition and metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota.

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“…; Collinder et al . ), enhancing mucus production, acting as an anti‐carcinogen and anti‐inflammatory, as well as playing a role in satiation (McBain et al . ; von Engelhardt et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the gut microbiota of three commercially valuable warmwater fish species

2014

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Aims: Due to the strong influence of the gut microbiota on fish health, dominant bacterial species in the gut are strong candidates for probiotics. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides and bluegill Lepomis macrochirus to provide a baseline for future probiotic studies. Methods and Results:The gut microbiota of five pooled individuals from each fish species was identified using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Microbiota differed significantly between fish species in terms of bacterial species evenness. However, all gut communities analysed were dominated by the phylum Fusobacteria, specifically the species Cetobacterium somerae. Relatively high abundances of the human pathogens Plesiomonas shigelloides and Fusobacterium mortiferum, as well as members of the genus Aeromonas, suggest these species are normal inhabitants of the gut. Conclusions: The overwhelming dominance of the genus Cetobacterium in all species warrants further investigation into its role in the fish gut microbiota. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides the first characterization of the gut microbiota of three economically significant fishes and establishes a baseline for future probiotic trials.

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Gastrointestinal Host–Microbial Interactions in Mammals and Fish: Comparative Studies in Man, Mice, Rats, Pigs, Horses, Cows, Elks, Reindeers, Salmon and Cod

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

Biochemical Intestinal Parameters in Germ‐free Minipigs and Rats and in Ex‐germ‐free Minipigs and Rats Monoassociated with Escherichia coli

Biochemical Intestinal Parameters in Germ‐free Minipigs and Rats and in Ex‐germ‐free Minipigs and Rats Monoassociated with Escherichia coli

Impact of dietary protein on microbiota composition and activity in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets in relation to gut health: a review

Characterization of the gut microbiota of three commercially valuable warmwater fish species

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