Gastrointestinal effects and energy value of polydextrose in healthy nonobese men

Achour, Lotfi; Flourié, Bernard; Briet, F.; Pellier, P.; Marteau, Philippe; Rambaud, J C

doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.6.1362

Cited by 54 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…could be because the intestinal environment was improved by PDX, which induces an increase in fecal bulk, softens stools, lowers fecal pH, and is partially fermented in the large bowel (8)(9)(10)(11), and which was also shown to be selectively fermented by the fecal microbiota and to have stimulated bifidobacterial growth in an in vitro study (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polydextrose Intake on Constipation in Japanese Dialysis Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Shimada

Nagano

Goto

et al. 2015

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polydextrose Intake on Constipation in Japanese Dialysis Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Shimada

Nagano

Goto

et al. 2015

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Previous studies have shown that the nature of the glycosidic bonds in polydextrose renders it only partially fermented by intestinal microorganisms and resistant to enzymatic attack (1,6). It is a water-soluble, randomly bonded, condensation polymer of glucose containing small amounts of sorbitol and citric acid (24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydextrose, Lactitol, and Fructo-Oligosaccharide Fermentation by Colonic Bacteria in a Three-Stage Continuous Culture System

Probert

Apajalahti²,

Rautonen³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

128

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In vitro fermentations were carried out by using a model of the human colon to simulate microbial activities of lower gut bacteria. Bacterial populations (and their metabolic products) were evaluated under the effects of various fermentable substrates. Carbohydrates tested were polydextrose, lactitol, and fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS). Bacterial groups of interest were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization as well as by speciesspecific PCR to determine bifidobacterial species and percent-G؉C profiling of the bacterial communities present. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced during the fermentations were also evaluated. Polydextrose had a stimulatory effect upon colonic bifidobacteria at concentrations of 1 and 2% (using a single and pooled human fecal inoculum, respectively). The bifidogenic effect was sustained throughout all three vessels of the in vitro system (P ‫؍‬ 0.01 seen in vessel 3), as corroborated by the bacterial community profile revealed by %G؉C analysis. This substrate supported a wide variety of bifidobacteria and was the only substrate where Bifidobacterium infantis was detected. The fermentation of lactitol had a deleterious effect on both bifidobacterial and bacteroides populations (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) and decreased total cell numbers. SCFA production was stimulated, however, particularly butyrate (beneficial for host colonocytes). FOS also had a stimulatory effect upon bifidobacterial and lactobacilli populations that used a single inoculum (P ‫؍‬ 0.01 for all vessels) as well as a bifidogenic effect in vessels 2 and 3 (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) when a pooled inoculum was used. A decrease in bifidobacteria throughout the model was reflected in the percent-G؉C profiles.The contribution of the human colonic microbiota towards improved host health and disease is presently a topical area of research. The beneficial effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) have been documented and have a long history of use in humans (8, 9, 28). Indeed, many clinical trails have been carried out (in both human and animal models) where direct health benefits from probiotic intake has been investigated (16,23,33). More recently, interest has turned to the potentially advantageous effects of dietary substrates that can be fermented by populations of indigenous probiotic gut bacteria. These so-called prebiotics selectively stimulate beneficial flora components while suppressing, or having no stimulatory effect upon, less desirable bacteria, such as proteolytic bacteroides and clostridia and gram-negative pathogens such as Escherichia coli, shigellas, and salmonellas (11). Through not relying on the addition of exogenous bacteria, there are no survivability or safety issues. A number of prebiotic substrates already have scientific credibility and widespread acceptance, such as inulin, oligofructose (both fructooligosaccharides [FOS]), galacto-oligosaccharides, and lactulose (29,30,35). These substrates have been tested in various human trials for their prebiotic effects.Here we invest...

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“…The effect of "acute" polydextrose ingestion (days 9-16, 30 g/day) and "chronic" polydextrose ingestion (days 17-38, 30 g/day) compared to the "control" period without polydextrose consumption (days 1-8, 0 g/day) on gastro-intestinal transit time and faecal weight was evaluated by Achour et al (1994) in a non-randomised sequential study in seven male volunteers on a controlled diet. The Panel considers that no conclusions can be drawn from this uncontrolled study for the scientific substantiation of the claim.…”

Section: Changes In Bowel Function (Id 784)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to polydextrose and changes in bowel function (ID 784), changes in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tract (ID 784), decreasing potentially pathoge

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2011

EFSA Journal

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Suggested citation: EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA); Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to polydextrose and changes in bowel function (ID 784), changes in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tract (ID 784), decreasing potentially pathogenic gastro-intestinal microorganisms (ID 785) and reduction of gastro-intestinal discomfort (ID 784) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA Journal 20119(6) The food constituent that is the subject of the health claims is polydextrose. The Panel considers that polydextrose is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effects. Changes in bowel functionThe claimed effect is "improves the bowel function". The target population is assumed to be the general population. The Panel considers that changes in bowel function such as reduced transit time, more frequent bowel movements, increased faecal bulk or softer stools may be a beneficial physiological effect, provided these changes do not result in diarrhoea. No references were provided from which conclusions could be drawn for the scientific substantiation of the claim.On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of polydextrose and changes in bowel function. Changes in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tractThe claimed effect is "improves the bowel function". The target population is assumed to be the general population. In the context of the clarifications provided by Member States, the Panel notes that the claimed effect refers to changes in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tract. The Panel considers that changes in SCFA production and/or pH in the gastrointestinal tract are not beneficial physiological effects per se, but need to be linked to a beneficial physiological or clinical outcome. No evidence has been provided to indicate the context in which the claimed effect could be considered as a beneficial physiological effect.On the basis of the data presented, the Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of polydextrose and a beneficial physiological effect related to changes in SCFA production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tract. Decreasing potentially pathogenic gastro-intestinal microorganismsThe claimed effect is "prebiotic/bifidogenic". The target population is assumed to be the general population. In the context of the proposed wordings, the Panel assumes that the claimed effect refers to increasing numbers of bacteria which are considered to be "beneficial". The Panel considers that the evidence provided does not establish that increasing numbers of gastro-intestinal microorganisms is a beneficial physiological effect. The Panel considers that the claimed effect, in the context of decreasing potentially pathogenic gastro-intestinal microorgani...

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Gastrointestinal effects and energy value of polydextrose in healthy nonobese men

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Polydextrose Intake on Constipation in Japanese Dialysis Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Effect of Polydextrose Intake on Constipation in Japanese Dialysis Patients: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Polydextrose, Lactitol, and Fructo-Oligosaccharide Fermentation by Colonic Bacteria in a Three-Stage Continuous Culture System

Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to polydextrose and changes in bowel function (ID 784), changes in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and/or pH in the gastro-intestinal tract (ID 784), decreasing potentially pathoge

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