Gastrointestinal disorders in hyperkinetic movement disorders and ataxia

Pradeep, Swati; Mehanna, Raja

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.09.005

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…ET is mainly characterized by an action tremor of the upper limbs, possibly with the involvement of other parts of body, like the head, voice and lower limbs 2 . The clinical profile of ET represented not only with motor symptoms, but also with some non-motor features, including gastrointestinal disorders 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific gut microbiota alterations in essential tremor and its difference from Parkinson’s disease

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2022

npj Parkinsons Dis.

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Essential tremor (ET) is the most common movement disorder and share overlapping symptoms with Parkinson’s disease (PD), making differential diagnosis challenging. Gut dysbiosis is regarded crucial in the pathogenesis of PD. Since ET patients also has comorbidity in gastrointestinal disorders, the relationship between gut microbiota and ET really worth investigating and may help distinguishing ET from PD. Fecal samples from 54 ET, 67 de novo PD and 54 normal controls (NC) were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR. ET showed lower species richness (Chao1 index) than NC and PD. ET was with Bacteroides-dominant enterotype, while PD was with Ruminococcus-dominant enterotype. Compared with NC, 7 genera were significantly reduced in ET, 4 of which (Ruminococcus, Romboutsia, Mucispirillum, and Aeromonas) were identified to be distinctive with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.705. Compared to PD, 26 genera were found significantly different from ET, 4 of which (Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, and Lachnospira) were found distinguishable with an AUC of 0.756. Clinical association results indicated that Proteus was associated with disease severity (TETRAS) of ET, while Klebsiella was linked to depression and anxiety in ET. Functional predictions revealed that 4 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were altered in ET. This study reveals gut dysbiosis in ET and it provides new insight into the pathogenesis of ET and helps distinguishing ET from PD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific gut microbiota alterations in essential tremor and its difference from Parkinson’s disease

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2022

npj Parkinsons Dis.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…95 Finally, expression of fat storage genes, leptin and adiponectin, is impaired because of mutant HTT expression, leading to loss of intracellular lipid stores and decline in the systemic levels of lipids and carbohydrates in animal models, which could contribute to weight loss as well. 91 In conclusion, weight loss and malabsorption in HD are likely the result of multifactorial pathophysiological processes.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Malabsorptionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Motor components include disrupted force, amplitude, and timing of the swallowing and esophageal muscles, leading to inefficient muscle contractions and failing to move food in the rostro-caudal direction, 20,88,90 in addition to continued respiration during the pro-esophageal stages of swallowing. 91 Additionally, hyperkinetic tongue movements of HD can cause loss of bolus propulsion to the pharynx. 20,88 Cognitive impairment can also lead to eating and swallowing risky behaviors, such as food cramming or phonation while swallowing, worsening the issue.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Disorders Dysphagiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…91 Although chorea may play a small role, weight loss occurs independently of chorea or other HD-related hyperkinetic movement disorder. 91 This suggests that weight loss is an inherent symptom of HD rather than solely the result of unmet increased caloric demand from the hyperkinetic disorder. In addition, patients with HD with a higher BMI at onset of symptoms seemed to have a slower rate of disease progression in a small study with 42 patients.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Malabsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theories to explain weight loss in HD include disturbances in energy metabolism, malabsorption, disruption of microbiome, increased energy requirement because of chorea as well as lack of nutrition due to dysphagia. 91 Centrally, the impact of HD on thalamus, hypothalamus, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has been implicated, affecting food intake and metabolism. Peripheral abnormalities in the GI wall are sometimes present prior to central abnormalities 96 but studies have not been able to directly link these peripheral abnormalities to changes in the brain.…”

Section: Weight Loss and Malabsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Systemic Symptoms in Huntington's Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Mehanna,

Jankovic

2024

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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BackgroundAlthough Huntington's disease (HD) is usually thought of as a triad of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms, there is growing appreciation of HD as a systemic illness affecting the entire body.ObjectivesThis review aims to draw attention to these systemic non‐motor symptoms in HD.MethodsWe identified relevant studies published in English by searching MEDLINE (from 1966 to September 2023), using the following subject headings: Huntington disease, autonomic, systemic, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, sexual and cutaneous, and additional specific symptoms.ResultsData from 123 articles were critically reviewed with focus on systemic features associated with HD, such as cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, sexual and sweating.ConclusionThis systematic review draws attention to a variety of systemic and autonomic co‐morbidities in patients with HD. Not all of them correlate with the severity of the primary HD symptoms or CAG repeats. More research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology and treatment of systemic and autonomic dysfunction in HD.

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Gastrointestinale Störungen bei hyperkinetischen Bewegungsstörungen und Ataxien

Claus,

Warnecke

2024

Nervenarzt

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Gastrointestinal disorders in hyperkinetic movement disorders and ataxia

Cited by 5 publications

References 132 publications

Specific gut microbiota alterations in essential tremor and its difference from Parkinson’s disease

Specific gut microbiota alterations in essential tremor and its difference from Parkinson’s disease

Systemic Symptoms in Huntington's Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Gastrointestinale Störungen bei hyperkinetischen Bewegungsstörungen und Ataxien

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