Gastroenteritis and Transmission of<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection in Households

Perry, Sharon; Sanchez, Maria de la Luz; Yang, Shih Neng; Haggerty, Thomas D.; Hurst, Philip; Perez-Perez, Guillermo I.; Parsonnet, Julie

doi:10.3201/eid1211.060086

Cited by 131 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The human stomach can offer an acidic medium that help approximately 7 % of H. pylori genome to be expressed (Merrell et al 2003). A large number of reports have been produced on H. pylori and showed that it is able to infect at least 50 % of the world's population (Perry et al 2006) especially in their early life (Sabbi et al 2008) and persists throughout the rest of their lifetime. According to (Melake et al 2012;De Giacomo et al 2002) 63.3-70 % of children were infected by H. pylori at/before 14 and 15 of age revealing high rate of infection at the first and second decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced trends in controlling Helicobacter pylori infections using functional and therapeutically supplements in baby milk

et al. 2015

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Helicobacter pylori is a common human pathogen infecting about 30 % of children and 60 % of adults worldwide. It is responsible for diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. H. pylori treatment based on antibiotics with proton pump inhibitor, but therapy failure is shown to be higher than 20 % and is essentially due to an increasing in prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which has led to the search for alternative therapies. In this study, we discuss the usage of natural extracts mixture as alternative or complementary agents in controlling H. pylori infection so here, we focused on the plant extracts of (Cloves, Pepper, Cumin, Sage, Pomegranate peel, Ginger, Myrrh and Licorice). To that end, Phytochemical constituents detection like Tannins, Glycosides, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Saponins, Phenolic compounds, Reducing sugars, Volatile oils, Amino acids and Proteins was demonstrated. Each plant extract was examined individually or in combination for its antimicrobial activity against H. pylori. Out of the used extracts, four mixes were prepared and tested against H. pylori. The antibacterial activities of the four mixes, represented by the diameter of inhibition clear zone, recorded 21, 39, 23 and 28 mm. The most potent mix (mix2) was chosen and mixed with baby milk as a new combination for H. pylori infections treatment in babies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced trends in controlling Helicobacter pylori infections using functional and therapeutically supplements in baby milk

et al. 2015

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“…H. pylori is also a pathobiont that in some hosts causes disease, notably peptic ulcers. It is most easily spread during episodes of active shedding (e.g., during gastroenteritis) (21,22). Studies have shown that later born siblings from large sibships are the most likely to acquire H. pylori (23): the odds of colonization with H. pylori increase with the number of 2-to 9-y-old siblings, and children born within 4 y of each other are four times more likely to be infected than those born 10 or more years apart.…”

Section: A Model Of Microbial Inheritancementioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying strains that contribute to complex diseases through the study of microbial inheritance

Faith¹,

Colombel

Gordon

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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It has been 35 y since Carl Woese reported in PNAS how sequencing ribosomal RNA genes could be used to distinguish the three domains of life on Earth. During the past decade, 16S rDNA sequencing has enabled the now frequent enumeration of bacterial communities that populate the bodies of humans representing different ages, cultural traditions, and health states. A challenge going forward is to quantify the contributions of community members to wellness, disease risk, and disease pathogenesis. Here, we explore a theoretical framework for studies of the inheritance of bacterial strains and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various study designs for assessing the contribution of strains to complex diseases.microbial inheritance | strain-resolution human microbial ecology analyses | effector strains | health | disease

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“…Given that the genetic structure retrieved among the bacterial genomes mirrors the geographic distribution of human populations Breurec et al 2011;Moodley et al 2012), the vast literature on human demographic history provides a solid basis for the study (e.g., Cavalli-Sforza et al 1994), but modeling human-H. pylori coevolution would also require knowledge of transmission dynamics and within-host variation. Despite the large number of surveys carried out, H. pylori transmission via an external source has never been demonstrated and direct contact among individuals is still considered the predominant mechanism (Brown 2000; Van Duynhoven and De Jonge 2001;Allaker et al 2002;Perry et al 2006). Transmission also depends on the hosts' access to health care and socioeconomic conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Worldwide Population Structure, Long-Term Demography, and Local Adaptation of Helicobacter pylori

et al. 2015

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Helicobacter pylori is an important human pathogen associated with serious gastric diseases. Owing to its medical importance and close relationship with its human host, understanding genomic patterns of global and local adaptation in H. pylori may be of particular significance for both clinical and evolutionary studies. Here we present the first such whole genome analysis of 60 globally distributed strains, from which we inferred worldwide population structure and demographic history and shed light on interesting global and local events of positive selection, with particular emphasis on the evolution of San-associated lineages. Our results indicate a more ancient origin for the association of humans and H. pylori than previously thought. We identify several important perspectives for future clinical research on candidate selected regions that include both previously characterized genes (e.g., transcription elongation factor NusA and tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducing protein Tipa) and hitherto unknown functional genes.KEYWORDS adaptation; neutral evolution; human pathogens H ELICOBACTER pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that infects the mucosa of the human stomach. It was first described in the 1980s, when it was initially identified in association with chronic gastritis and later causally linked to serious gastric pathologies such as gastric cancer and ulcers (Marshall and Warren 1984;Suerbaum and Michetti 2002). It infects .80% of humans in developing countries and, although its prevalence is lower in developed countries, nearly 50% of the worldwide human population is infected (Ghose et al. 2005;Salih 2009;Salama et al. 2013).Due to its clinical and evolutionary importance, there has been considerable research on mechanisms of H. pylori transmission, as well as on the population genetics and phylogenetic relationships among global isolates. Thus far, population genetic analyses have mainly focused on seven housekeeping genes (usually referred to as multilocus sequence typing or MLST), with the primary conclusions being that H. pylori strains appear highly structured, and their phylogeographic patterns correlate consistently with that of their human hosts. Given that the H. pylori-humans association is at least 100,000 years old (Moodley et al. 2012), the current population structure of H. pylori may be regarded as mirroring past human expansions and migrations Linz et al. 2007;Breurec et al. 2011) and thus help us shed light on yet unknown dynamics of local demographic processes in human evolution. However, despite the knowledge gained thus far, the long-term global demographic history of H. pylori has never been directly inferred. The long, intimate association of H. pylori with humans suggests a history of bacterial adaptation. Considerable attention has focused on specific genes involved in modulating adaptive immunity of the host (for a review see Yamaoka 2010 andSalama et al. 2013) and on genomic changes occurring during acute and chronic H. pylori infection (Kennemann et al. 2011;Linz et a...

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Gastroenteritis and Transmission ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection in Households

Abstract: In northern California homes, exposure to gastroenteritis in an H. pylori–infected contact markedly increased H. pylori infection.

Cited by 131 publications

References 39 publications

Advanced trends in controlling Helicobacter pylori infections using functional and therapeutically supplements in baby milk

Advanced trends in controlling Helicobacter pylori infections using functional and therapeutically supplements in baby milk

Identifying strains that contribute to complex diseases through the study of microbial inheritance

Worldwide Population Structure, Long-Term Demography, and Local Adaptation of Helicobacter pylori

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