Gastric manifestations of aids: Radiographic findings on upper gastrointestinal examination

Abstract

The radiographic findings in the stomach in the upper gastrointestinal examination in 11 patients with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed. Four cases of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) showed multiple submucosal nodular filling defects; in one of these cases, ulceration of some of the nodules was present. Gastric lymphoma occurred in two cases and appeared as one or several large nodular masses; one of these involved the esophagogastric junction. Five cases of infectious gastritis, caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV), Cryptosporidium, and Toxoplasma, were manifested as thickened gastric folds and/or antral narrowing. Thus, in patients with AIDS, gastric neoplastic lesions can be suggested when nodular filling defects or masses are identified, whereas inflammatory processes tend to show thickened gastric folds or antral narrowing. However, endoscopic biopsy is required to enable proper treatment.

Nodular gastritis in adults: Clinical features, endoscopic appearance, histopathological features, and response to therapy

“…Uncommonly, superficial diffuse gastric pseudo lymphoma may present with nodular benign lesions of the stomach 24 . Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have also been reported to show nodular lesions in the stomach 25 …”

Gastric mucosal hyperplasia via upregulation of gastrin induced by persistent activation of gastric innate immunity in major histocompatibility complex class II deficient mice

“…17 18 Moreover, patients with AIDS often develop hypertrophy of the gastric mucosa, which is usually associated with opportunistic infection in the stomach with microorganisms such as cytomegalovirus, cryptosporidium, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex, or toxoplasma. [5][6][7][8] Interestingly, such hypertrophic changes observed in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection or in those with AIDS are reported to be reduced by eradicating the microorganisms in the stomach. 6 17 18 Accordingly, such infections appear to have some role in the development of mucosal hypertrophy in Table 2 Comparison of gene expression in the stomachs of wild-type (WT) and Aa 0/0 mice determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction Values are means (SEM).…”

“…Interestingly, patients with AIDS often develop hypertrophy of the gastric mucosa induced by some types of opportunistic infection and, moreover, their gastric mucosa is infiltrated by many inflammatory cells, resembling MHC class II deficient (Aa 0/0 ) mice. [5][6][7][8] Thus whether or not similar mechanisms are working in the development of gastric mucosal hypertrophy in patients with AIDS is an interesting question to be elucidated in future studies.…”

“…Patients with AIDS often possess hypertrophic gastric mucosa, which is usually associated with opportunistic infection. [5][6][7][8] Accordingly, we examined the immune response of the gastric mucosa in the stomach of MHC class II deficient mice and observed marked gastric mucosal hyperplasia with excessive infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells and an increase in serum gastrin levels.…”

Linfomas primários do estômago: casuística e discussão

“…Talvez a explicação para tanto decorra da sua incidên cia relativamente baixa como malignidade primária do estômago, o que dificulta uma coletânea de substan ciais casuísticas, sobretudo num mesmo Serviço. Tal vez a explicação seja também corroborada pelo incre mento na incidência da Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida associada aos linfomas, principalmente se considerarmos que esta maior incidência se verifica em indivíduos acima dos 60 anos [30]. Talvez, por extre mo, seja função do uso cada vez mais judicioso dos modernos métodos endoscópicos e radiológicos com putadorizados na exploração da patologia gástrica.…”