Gastric carcinosarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

Cirocchi, Roberto; Trastulli, Stefano; Desiderio, Jacopo; Grassi, Veronica; Barillaro, Ivan; Santoro, Alberto; Boselli, Carlo; Avenia, Nicola; Noya, Giuseppe; Sol, Angelo De

doi:10.3892/ol.2012.699

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Upon review of the literature, 76 cases were identified (Table II) [1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]. The clinical features of patients with gastric carcinosarcoma appeared to be nonspecific with epigastric pain, weight loss, and melena, as the most common complaints.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological heterogeneity and distributional difference of gastric carcinosarcoma: report of 4 cases and literature review

Nie¹,

Zhou²,

Peng³

et al. 2018

pjp

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Carcinosarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm, consisting of both epithelial and mesenchymal component. Primary gastric carcinosarcoma is rare and poorly understood. We reported clinicopathologic features of 4 cases and analysis of 76 cases published in the literature. Clinical symptoms were nonspecific with epigastric pain, weight loss, and melena, as the most common complaints. The prognosis of patients was dismal with high mortality. The tumor commonly occurred in the upper stomach in Chinese patients, whereas, it was more prevalent at the lower stomach in Japanese and other populations. The two malignant components of this rare cancer showed considerable histological heterogeneity with a wide range of differentiation. We propose that carcinosarcomas be divided in two main subtypes: conventional carcinosarcoma and carcinosarcoma, not-otherwise-specified (NOS). Such distinction may provide useful information for targeted treatment of various sarcomatous components of this tumor. Immunohistochemistry should be routinely applied in the diagnosis of this rare tumor.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological heterogeneity and distributional difference of gastric carcinosarcoma: report of 4 cases and literature review

Nie¹,

Zhou²,

Peng³

et al. 2018

pjp

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“…[13][14][15][16] Although the pathogenesis of gastric carcinosarcoma remains controversial, two hypotheses have been Kuroda et al Figure 1 Kuroda et al Figure 2 proposed. 17 The first is the bi-clonal origin hypothesis, which supports the collision tumor theory, according to which the carcinosarcoma originates from two different tumor cell clones. The second is the monoclonal origin hypothesis, whereby the carcinosarcoma originates from a stem cell that can undergo both epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…14 The mean survival period is estimated to be 7-10 months. 3,17,22 The most frequently observed distant metastasis site was the liver (Table 1). Reportedly, more than 50% of tumor recurrences occur in the first postoperative year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carcinosarcoma of Stomach Confined to the Mucosa

et al. 2017

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Carcinosarcoma is a malignant tumor composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal malignant tumor components. A 78-year-old man was transferred to our hospital because of hematemesis and tarry stool. An emergency gastrointestinal endoscopic examination revealed active bleeding from an ulcerative lesion on the posterior wall of the gastric body; endoscopic hemostasis was successfully performed. A gastrointestinal endoscopy performed two months later showed a polypoid lesion at the same place where the ulcer had been. The biopsy specimen was histologically diagnosed as well to moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection under a diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. A 28 × 15 mm polypoid tumor was resected from the gastric body, and was found on microscopic examination to consist of both carcinoma and sarcoma components, showing atypical spindle cells, which were positive for α-smooth muscular actin, calponin, and h-caldesmon, but negative for CD34, CD117 (c-kit), desmin, and dog 1. These findings led to a diagnosis of gastric carcinosarcoma. The tumor was confined to the mucous membrane. Lymph node metastasis was found in one node and contained only the carcinoma component. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient lived without recurrence for 2 years. Carcinosarcoma of the stomach is a rare tumor with high malignant potential and poor prognosis. Careful follow up is required for early detection of any recurrence.

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“…clear cell carcinoma of the kidney transforming toward renal sarcoma (26). In immunohistochemical tests the carcinosarcoma yields a positive reaction for cytokeratin in the epithelial (carcinoma) component and a positive reaction for vimentin in the connective tissue (sarcoma) component, which was demonstrated in humans (1,5,6,11,25), and animals (2,12). At the same time, it should be underlined that cancerous cells in the tumour much more frequently yield metastases to lymph nodes than sarcomatous cells do.…”

Section: Neoplastic Transformation Of Ecm Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix in tumours as a source of additional neoplastic lesions - a review

Madej

2014

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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The review describes the role of cells of extracellular matrix (ECM) as a source of neoplastic outgrowths additional to the original tumour. The cells undergo a spontaneous transformation or stimulation by the original tumour through intercellular signals, e.g. through Shh protein (sonic hedgehog). Additionally, cells of an inflammatory infiltrate, which frequently accompany malignant tumours and particularly carcinomas, may regulate tumour cell behaviour. This is either by restricting tumour proliferation or, inversely, by induction and stimulation of the proliferation of another tumour cell type, e.g. mesenchymal cells. The latter type of tumour may involve formation of histologically differentiated stromal tumours (GIST), which probably originate from interstitial cells of Cajal in the alimentary tract. Occasionally, e.g. in gastric carcinoma, proliferation involves lymphoid follicles and lymphocytes of GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue), which gives rise to lymphoma. The process is preceded by the earlier stage of intestinal metaplasia, or is induced by gastritis alone. This is an example of primary involvement of inflammatory infiltrate cells in neoplastic progression. Despite the numerous histogenetic classifications of tumours (zygotoma benignum et zygotoma malignum, or mesenchymomata maligna et mesenchymomata benigna), currently in oncological diagnosis the view prevails that the direction of tumour differentiation and its degree of histologic malignancy (grading) are more important factors than the histogenesis of the tumour.

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Gastric carcinosarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Histological heterogeneity and distributional difference of gastric carcinosarcoma: report of 4 cases and literature review

Histological heterogeneity and distributional difference of gastric carcinosarcoma: report of 4 cases and literature review

Carcinosarcoma of Stomach Confined to the Mucosa

Extracellular matrix in tumours as a source of additional neoplastic lesions - a review

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