Gaschromatographische Untersuchungen von freien und gebundenen Fetts�uren im ekkrinen Schwei�

Peter, Georges; Schröpl, F; Feisel, H. G.; Thürauf, W.

doi:10.1007/bf00519900

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We compared our results with those from other studies of sweat from various origins. Peter et al [ 34 ] subjected mechanically collected eccrine sweat to quantitative FA analysis and found that FA concentration oscillated between 0.1–5.47 μg/mL, which is approximately one order of magnitude below that in our measurements (in which FA ranged from 0.03–44.4 μg/mL). The difference can be explained by the different biological origin (eccrine gland) of the sweat in the aforementioned study and the higher extraction efficiency of our sampling procedure (due to pre-soaking the disk in 80% IPA).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

SLIDE—Novel Approach to Apocrine Sweat Sampling for Lipid Profiling in Healthy Individuals

Kvasnička

Friedecký

Tichá

et al. 2021

IJMS

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We designed a concept of 3D-printed attachment with porous glass filter disks—SLIDE (Sweat sampLIng DevicE) for easy sampling of apocrine sweat. By applying advanced mass spectrometry coupled with the liquid chromatography technique, the complex lipid profiles were measured to evaluate the reproducibility and robustness of this novel approach. Moreover, our in-depth statistical evaluation of the data provided an insight into the potential use of apocrine sweat as a novel and diagnostically relevant biofluid for clinical analyses. Data transformation using probabilistic quotient normalization (PQN) significantly improved the analytical characteristics and overcame the ‘sample dilution issue’ of the sampling. The lipidomic content of apocrine sweat from healthy subjects was described in terms of identification and quantitation. A total of 240 lipids across 15 classes were identified. The lipid concentrations varied from 10−10 to 10−4 mol/L. The most numerous class of lipids were ceramides (n = 61), while the free fatty acids were the most abundant ones (average concentrations of 10−5 mol/L). The main advantages of apocrine sweat microsampling include: (a) the non-invasiveness of the procedure and (b) the unique feature of apocrine sweat, reflecting metabolome and lipidome of the intracellular space and plasmatic membranes. The SLIDE application as a sampling technique of apocrine sweat brings a promising alternative, including various possibilities in modern clinical practice.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

SLIDE—Novel Approach to Apocrine Sweat Sampling for Lipid Profiling in Healthy Individuals

Kvasnička

Friedecký

Tichá

et al. 2021

IJMS

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show abstract

“…The detection of lipids as a major metabolite class in the human sweat samples confirms previous reports detailing the occurrence of lipids in eccrine sweat (Peter et al, 1970). Using gas chromatography these workers separated the free and esterified fatty acids, amongst the free fatty acids, the C 18 acids predominated, but some C 20 fatty acids were identified.…”

Section: Nmr Spectroscopy Of Healthy Human Sweat Samplessupporting

confidence: 83%

Study of metabolite composition of eccrine sweat from healthy male and female human subjects by 1H NMR spectroscopy

et al. 2006

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The aim of the study was to evaluate metabolite variability in human eccrine sweat using a metabonomics based approach. Eccrine sweat is a dilute electrolyte solution whose primary function is to control body temperature via evaporative cooling. Although the composition of sweat is primarily water, previous studies have shown that a diverse array of organic and inorganic compounds are also present. Human eccrine sweat samples from 30 female and 30 male subjects were analysed using highresolution 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in conjunction with statistical pattern recognition. High-resolution 1 H NMR spectroscopy produced spectra of the sweat samples that readily identified and quantified many different metabolites. The major metabolite classes found to be present were lactate, amino acids and lipids, with lactate being by far the most dominant metabolite found in all samples. Principal Components Analysis, Principal Components-Discriminant Analysis and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis of the eccrine sweat samples, revealed no significant differences in metabolite composition and concentration between female and male subjects. Also, the variation between subjects did not appear to be correlated with any other clinical information provided by the subjects. Overall, the spectra data set demonstrates the large physiological variability in terms of number of metabolites present and concentrations between subjects i.e. human eccrine sweat samples exhibit a high degree of inter-individual variability.

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“…Only a few years later, Förström et al [5] detected prostaglandins in sweat, thereby further identifying an important biomarker for inflammation. In 1970, Peter et al [6] proved the appearance of C12–C22 fatty acids in sweat and thus added the class of lipophilic compounds to the repertoire of available biomarkers in sweat. Prompt et al [7] investigated the sweat of patients with renal failure and were able to show a significant increase in magnesium, calcium, and phosphate, thus indicating disease-specific changes in sweat ion concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sweat as a Source of Next-Generation Digital Biomarkers

Brasier

Eckstein

2019

Digit Biomark

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Sweat has been associated with health and disease ever since it was linked to high body temperature and exercise. It contains a broad range of electrolytes, proteins, and lipids, and therefore hosts a broad panel of potential noninvasive biomarkers. The development of novel smartphone-based biosensors will enable a more sophisticated, patient-driven sweat analysis. This will provide a broad range of novel digital biomarkers. Digital biomarkers are of increasing interest because they deliver various relevant longitudinal health data. To date, investigations on digital biomarkers have focused on creating objective measurements of function. Sweat analysis using smartphone-based biosensors has the potential to provide initial noninvasive metabolic feedback and therefore represents a promising complement and a source for next-generation digital biomarkers. From this viewpoint, we discuss state-of-the-art sweat research, focusing on the clinical implementation of sweat in medicine. Sweat provides biomarkers that represent direct metabolic feedback and is therefore expected to be the next generation of digital biomarkers. With regard to its broad application in various fields of medicine, we see a clear need to evolve the internet-enabled field of sweat expertise: iSudorology.

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Gaschromatographische Untersuchungen von freien und gebundenen Fetts�uren im ekkrinen Schwei�

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

SLIDE—Novel Approach to Apocrine Sweat Sampling for Lipid Profiling in Healthy Individuals

SLIDE—Novel Approach to Apocrine Sweat Sampling for Lipid Profiling in Healthy Individuals

Study of metabolite composition of eccrine sweat from healthy male and female human subjects by 1H NMR spectroscopy

Sweat as a Source of Next-Generation Digital Biomarkers

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