Gas tungsten arc welding and friction stir welding of ultrafine grained AISI 304L stainless steel: Microstructural and mechanical behavior characterization

Sabooni, S.; Karimzadeh, F.; Ngan, Ahw; Jabbari, H.

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2015.08.009

Cited by 41 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Figure 4c shows the nanohardness for typical steels and it can be seen that the value in our study is much higher than that of other kinds of steels, including UFG steels. The nanohardness of the ultrafine-grained/nanograined (UFG/NG) 301LN stainless steel can reach 10.7 GPa compared to 7.8 GPa of its coarse-grained (CG) counterpart11, and the nanohardness of the UFG 304L stainless steel can be enhanced from 4.4 GPa to 5.2 GPa by precipitation hardening12. Thus, the most likely reasons for the greatly enhanced hardness and yield strength are the grain refinement and the precipitation strengthening resulting from the newly formed precipitates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superstrength of nanograined steel with nanoscale intermetallic precipitates transformed from shock-compressed martensitic steel

Yan

Lü

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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An increasing number of industrial applications need superstrength steels. It is known that refined grains and nanoscale precipitates can increase strength. The hardest martensitic steel reported to date is C0.8 steel, whose nanohardness can reach 11.9 GPa through incremental interstitial solid solution strengthening. Here we report a nanograined (NG) steel dispersed with nanoscale precipitates which has an extraordinarily high hardness of 19.1 GPa. The NG steel (shock-compressed Armox 500T steel) was obtained under these conditions: high strain rate of 1.2 μs−1, high temperature rise rate of 600 Kμs−1 and high pressure of 17 GPa. The mean grain size achieved was 39 nm and reinforcing precipitates were indexed in the NG steel. The strength of the NG steel is expected to be ~3950 MPa. The discovery of the NG steel offers a general pathway for designing new advanced steel materials with exceptional hardness and excellent strength.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been many reports on nonferrous NG materials based on aluminium123, copper4567 and nickel89, fabricated using severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques10. However, to date, there have been only a limited number of studies on NG steels111213, although steel is the most widely used metal in industrial applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Superstrength of nanograined steel with nanoscale intermetallic precipitates transformed from shock-compressed martensitic steel

Yan

Lü

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…In addition to controlling the balance of the phase composition, cooling rates are important at certain critical intervals if the cooling rate in the range of 1200–800 °C is too high, then a lot of δ-ferrite and Cr 2 N can be formed, which can reduce the corrosion resistance [1,5]. Arc-welded 321 SS welds are distinguished by a coarse columnar macrostructure, as the weld metal contains a ferritic component due to dendritic segregation [4,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Phase Composition and Corrosion Resistance of 321 SS Welded Joints Produced by a Defocused Laser Beam

Kuryntsev

2019

Materials

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The effect of heat treatment of welded joints made of steel 321 on corrosion resistance, phase composition, residual stresses, and distribution of alloying elements was studied using optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and intergranular corrosion testing (IGC). Samples previously obtained by the authors using defocused laser beam, which led to the formation of directionally crystallized austenite with lathy and skeletal δ-ferrite, were investigated. Based on X-ray diffraction studies in the base metal, the maximum number of peaks of various phases was presented, which decreased after exposure to the heating effect of the welding process and subsequent heat treatment. The distribution of alloying elements, in particular, Ti and Si, was significantly affected by heat treatment depending on the regimes. A spot chemical analysis showed that the nickel content differs in δ-ferrite and austenite by 1.5%–2% whereas the chromium content in these phases is not significantly different. Tests have shown that all samples have high resistance to intergranular corrosion, which can be explained by the insufficient dissolution of titanium carbides in austenite and the absence of chromium carbides formation along austenite grain boundaries, due to high cooling rates when welding by a defocused laser beam, and as a result, the high δ-ferrite content in which chromium dissolves.

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“…The solidification mode of all the weld electrode was evaluated by Cr eq and Ni eq ratio and plotted on the pseudo binary diagram as shown inFigure 4(e). According to literature, there is four solidification mode as shown below28 .…”

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Microstructure, Mechanical and Electrochemical Evaluation of Dissimilar low Ni SS and 304 SS using Different Filler Materials

et al. 2019

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This study investigates the effect of dissimilar metal welding of low nickel stainless steel (SS) and 304 SS employing tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process by using three different filler materials (316L, 308L and 310 SS). Microstructural, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior in 3.5% NaCl solution was studied. The microstructural investigation revealed the formation of δ-ferrite and γ-austenite in the weld (welded by 316L and 308L filler). The Higher δ-ferrite content was found more in 316L weld zone. Whereas samples welded by 310 SS filler showed the columnar structure in the weld zone. Relatively wider heat affected zone (HAZ) was measured on Cr-Mn SS side as compared to 304 SS side. Impact fracture surface of all the welded samples exhibited dimple appearance. Corrosion studies showed better pitting corrosion resistance in 316L SS welded sample due to the beneficial effect of δ-ferrite and also the addition of molybdenum (Mo). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed higher polarization resistance (R p) in 316L SS as compared to other fillers. Galvanic current density was found to be higher in Cr-Mn SS as compared to 304 SS when coupled with different welded samples.

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Gas tungsten arc welding and friction stir welding of ultrafine grained AISI 304L stainless steel: Microstructural and mechanical behavior characterization

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Superstrength of nanograined steel with nanoscale intermetallic precipitates transformed from shock-compressed martensitic steel

Superstrength of nanograined steel with nanoscale intermetallic precipitates transformed from shock-compressed martensitic steel

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Phase Composition and Corrosion Resistance of 321 SS Welded Joints Produced by a Defocused Laser Beam

Microstructure, Mechanical and Electrochemical Evaluation of Dissimilar low Ni SS and 304 SS using Different Filler Materials

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