“…To date, the number of oil-immersed transformers accounts for more than 90% of the total number of power transformers, and the operating state of these power transformers will directly affect the condition of power systems (Zhou et al, 2016;. For a long-running transformer, partial overheating and partial discharge will lead to the decomposition of transformer oil into a variety of fault gases, namely hydrogen (H 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), acetylene (C 2 H 2 ), ethylene (C 2 H 4 ), and ethane (C 2 H 6 ) (Jin et al, 2017;Gao et al, 2019;Park et al, 2019;Wang J. X. et al, 2019). Hence, the detection of these fault characteristic gases has been extensively applied to diagnose early latent faults and evaluate the operation quality of oil-immersed transformers (Zhang et al, 2018a;Cui et al, 2019;Gui et al, 2019).…”