Gas Saturation Vapor Pressure Measurements of Mononitrotoluene Isomers from (283.15 to 313.15) K

Abstract

A gas saturation apparatus capable of simultaneous measurements on 18 samples was used for this work. The vapor pressures of 2-nitrotoluene (2-NT), 3-nitrotoluene (3-NT), 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT), and tetradecane (a control compound) were measured with this apparatus over the temperature range (283.15 to 313.15) K. Over this temperature range, the vapor pressure of 2-NT ranged from (5.53 to 61.1) Pa; the vapor pressure of 3-NT ranged from (3.39 to 37.8) Pa; and the vapor pressure of 4-NT ranged from (1.25 to 26.4) Pa. The enthalpies of vaporization or sublimation were determined using the Clausius−Clapeyron equation.

Vapor Pressure of Explosives: A Critical Review

“…Today, the most accurate methods for measuring low vapor pressures of low-volatility compounds are the gas saturation method and the effusion method [17,18]. Vapor pressure measurements based on the Knudsen effusion cell and especially in combination with a quartz crystal microbalance [19] or in combination with torsion measurements [20][21][22] are accurate at very low vapor pressures (!…”

“…A fairly large number of papers have been published on the vapor pressures of NTs [18,26,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The data from those papers [18,26,38], that present vapor pressure data for temperatures below 60 8C is shown in Figure 3. As has been mentioned above, the vapor pressures for 4-NT in the paper by Lenchitz and Velicky [26] are erroneous, and Figure 3 only shows the corrected data.…”

Thermophysical properties of polyol ester lubricants

“…We have typically employed linear alkanes as the control sample for a variety of reasons. [3,16,22,23] n-Octacosane was selected for this work because its psat curve is very similar to that of POE5 in the temperature range studied; therefore, any systematic errors would have about the same magnitude effect on both. The results of the psat measurements on n-octacosane are shown in Table 10.…”

On the solubility of non-ionic organic solutes in seawater

“…Both these quantities were taken from [18] for liquid solutes where available. Solubility parameters δ H had to be calculated for solid solutes from the molar enthalpies of formation of their crystals and those of their gaseous forms [27,29] and the molar volumes [28] of the solutes. Other values of δ H were obtained from data in [19,21,23,26].…”