Gas phase hydroxylation of benzene with air–ammonia mixture over copper-based phosphate catalysts

Horváth, Blažej; Šustek, Martin; Škriniarová, Jaroslava; Omastová, Mária; Dobročka, Edmund; Hronec, Milan

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2014.05.006

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Generally, the catalytic oxidation of benzene to phenol in the gas phase is more favorable for simplifying the separation of products. The gas‐phase oxidation is usually conducted in a fixed‐bed reactor at middle temperature over transition metal oxide catalysts like vanadium oxide, iron oxide, and cobalt oxide , . Oxygen, air, or N 2 O is typically employed as oxidant , .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gas‐phase oxidation is usually conducted in a fixed‐bed reactor at middle temperature over transition metal oxide catalysts like vanadium oxide, iron oxide, and cobalt oxide , . Oxygen, air, or N 2 O is typically employed as oxidant , . However, the gas‐phase oxidation easily leads to the overoxidation of benzene to form CO 2 and other by‐products like catechol and hydroquinone and, as a result, reduces the yield of phenol .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

et al. 2018

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A route for directional conversion of bio‐oil into phenol by means of coupling the catalytic cracking of the bio‐oil with the hydroxylation of the bio‐oil‐based benzene‐rich aromatics is proposed. High selectivity for phenol in the resulting organic liquid was achieved, with an almost complete conversion of the bio‐oil. Co‐cracking of the bio‐oil with methanol over a Zn‐modified zeolite significantly enhanced the yields of aromatics and decreased the deactivation of the catalyst during the catalytic cracking of the bio‐oil. The phenol yield depended on the metal oxide catalysts, the temperature, and the reaction time during hydroxylation of the benzene‐rich aromatics. The reaction pathway of converting bio‐oil into phenol was elucidated based on the products identified and the characterization of the catalysts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

et al. 2018

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“…Hronec and coworkers utilized stearyl amine polyethylene glycol ether surfactant to prepare a copper-calcium phosphate precipitate (68) in the form of a fine spongelike structure. [130] Thus, the synthesized material was tested in gas-phase benzene oxidation with air-ammonia mixture as an oxidant in a fix-bed reactor at 450 C, with a phenol yield of 4.2%.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in catalytic oxygenation of aromatic C–H groups with the environmentally benign oxidants H₂O₂ and O₂

Ottenbacher

Talsi

Bryliakov

2020

Applied Organom Chemis

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Developing efficient approaches for the selective oxygenation of aromatic C-H groups has been a challenging goal, interesting from both fundamental and practical perspectives. Designing catalyst systems for the direct production of phenol from benzene holds significant practical promise; on the contrary, novel strategies for the late-stage selective introduction of oxygen into aromatic rings of complex organic molecules could be useful for the synthesis of fine chemicals, including biologically active compounds. Another aspect of the overall picture is toughening environmental constraints, resulting in a steady increase in the number of catalyst systems relying on environmentally benign oxidants such as H 2 O 2 and O 2. Overall, today, the realm of selective catalytic aromatic C-H oxidations is developing rapidly. This review summarizes the progress made in homo-and heterogeneous catalyst systems of aromatic C-H oxygenations with hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen, achieved in the last decade.

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“…World production exceeded 11 million tons in 2009 [3]. Presently, most phenol is produced industrially through the cumene process [1,2,[4][5][6][7] and toluene oxidation [2,4,5,7], which accounts for more than 90% of the world phenol production. The cumene process consists of three reactions; alkylation of benzene by propylene, oxidation of cumene to cumene hydroperoxide, and decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide to phenol and acetone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cumene process has the main advantage of using two relatively inexpensive starting materials, benzene and propylene, which are subsequently converted into two more useful products, phenol and acetone. In spite of these positive aspects, the cumene process has some disadvantages such as a high environmental impact [3,5], an explosive intermediary compound (cumene hydroperoxide) [5,10], use of a corrosive catalyst [5], production of unwanted impurities [5,7]. It is a multi-step process, which makes it hard to obtain high phenol yields with respect to the amount of benzene used and requires high energy consumption due to its characteristic multi-step process [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-step phenol production from a water–toluene mixture using radio frequency in-liquid plasma

Agung

Nomura

Mukasa

et al. 2017

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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The objectives of this research were to understand the process of converting toluene into phenol in a one-step process directly from a water-toluene mixture using the plasma in-liquid method. Experiments were conducted using 27.12 MHz radio frequency (RF) in-liquid plasma to decompose a solution of 30% toluene. Based on the experimental results as evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), along with additional analysis by the Gaussian calculation, density functional theory (DFT) hybrid exchange-correlational functional (B3LYP) and 6-311G basis, the phenol generated from toluene was quantified including any by-products. In the experiment, it was found that OH radicals from water molecules produced using RF inliquid plasma play a significant role in the chemical reaction with toluene. The experimental results suggest that phenol can be directly produced from a water-toluene mixture. The maximum phenol yields were 0.0013% and 0.0038% for irradiation times of 30 s and 60 s, respectively, at 120 W.

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Gas phase hydroxylation of benzene with air–ammonia mixture over copper-based phosphate catalysts

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

Recent progress in catalytic oxygenation of aromatic C–H groups with the environmentally benign oxidants H₂O₂ and O₂

One-step phenol production from a water–toluene mixture using radio frequency in-liquid plasma

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Gas phase hydroxylation of benzene with air–ammonia mixture over copper-based phosphate catalysts

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

Bio‐Oil as a Potential Biomass‐Derived Renewable Raw Material for Bio‐Phenol Production

Recent progress in catalytic oxygenation of aromatic C–H groups with the environmentally benign oxidants H2O2 and O2

One-step phenol production from a water–toluene mixture using radio frequency in-liquid plasma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Recent progress in catalytic oxygenation of aromatic C–H groups with the environmentally benign oxidants H₂O₂ and O₂