Gas Fermentation for Commercial Biofuels Production

Liew, Fung Min; Köpke, Michael; Simpson, Séan D.

doi:10.5772/52164

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 220 publications

(326 reference statements)

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“…So far ethanol production from the reduction of CO 2 was not sufficiently evident in our experiment. Nevertheless, a number of studies on C. ljungdahlii have already reported the production of ethanol from syngas fermentation and also from CO 2 and H 2 (Liew et al, 2013). Interestingly, despite the slight fluctuations in concentration, ethanol was present in the catholyte throughout the experiment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Carbon dioxide reduction by mixed and pure cultures in microbial electrosynthesis using an assembly of graphite felt and stainless steel as a cathode

Bajracharya

Heijne

Domínguez-Benetton

et al. 2015

Bioresource Technology

299

109

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Carbon dioxide reduction by mixed and pure cultures in microbial electrosynthesis using an assembly of graphite felt and stainless steel as a cathode

Bajracharya

Heijne

Domínguez-Benetton

et al. 2015

Bioresource Technology

299

109

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“…Bioprocesses with CTB operate at ambient temperatures and pressures, which is an advantage compared to using metal catalysis to convert syngas into chemicals and fuels (Molitor et al, 2016). In addition, CTB are specific in their product portfolio, and have been suggested to tolerate gas contaminants and fluctuating H 2 /CO ratios better than metal catalysts (Dry, 2002; Liew et al, 2013). The spectrum of useful products from wild-type CTB is narrow with ethanol, 2,3-butanediol, and acetate as the only products that can be produced at a promising selectivity (mol carbon in product per mol carbon in substrate).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrow pH Range Supports Butanol, Hexanol, and Octanol Production from Syngas in a Continuous Co-culture of Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium kluyveri with In-Line Product Extraction

et al. 2016

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Carboxydotrophic bacteria (CTB) have received attention due to their ability to synthesize commodity chemicals from producer gas and synthesis gas (syngas). CTB have an important advantage of a high product selectivity compared to chemical catalysts. However, the product spectrum of wild-type CTB is narrow. Our objective was to investigate whether a strategy of combining two wild-type bacterial strains into a single, continuously fed bioprocessing step would be promising to broaden the product spectrum. Here, we have operated a syngas-fermentation process with Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium kluyveri with in-line product extraction through gas stripping and product condensing within the syngas recirculation line. The main products from C. ljungdahlii fermentation at a pH of 6.0 were ethanol and acetate at net volumetric production rates of 65.5 and 431 mmol C·L−1·d−1, respectively. An estimated 2/3 of total ethanol produced was utilized by C. kluyveri to chain elongate with the reverse β-oxidation pathway, resulting in n-butyrate and n-caproate at net rates of 129 and 70 mmol C·L−1·d−1, respectively. C. ljungdahlii likely reduced the produced carboxylates to their corresponding alcohols with the reductive power from syngas. This resulted in the longer-chain alcohols n-butanol, n-hexanol, and n-octanol at net volumetric production rates of 39.2, 31.7, and 0.045 mmol C·L−1·d−1, respectively. The continuous production of the longer-chain alcohols occurred only within a narrow pH spectrum of 5.7–6.4 due to the pH discrepancy between the two strains. Regardless whether other wild-type strains could overcome this pH discrepancy, the specificity (mol carbon in product per mol carbon in all other liquid products) for each longer-chain alcohol may never be high in a single bioprocessing step. This, because two bioprocesses compete for intermediates (i.e., carboxylates): (1) chain elongation; and (2) biological reduction. This innate competition resulted in a mixture of n-butanol and n-hexanol with traces of n-octanol.

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“…Various mesophilic and thermoyphilic microorganisms are suitable for synthesis gas fermentation processes. Acharya et al [4], Liew et al [5], Mohammadi et al [6] as well as Munasinghe and Khanal [7], among others, provide a detailed list. Suitable gas sources for syngas fermentation include, next to electrochemical syngas generation [2,8], gasification of biomass and organic waste and exhaust gases from the steel and oil industries [3,5].…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Syngas Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of microbiological catalysts for the conversion of synthesis gas offers various advantages over thermochemical conversion such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis [5,9]. No high temperatures or pressures are required for the fermentation process, reducing operating and production costs.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Syngas Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syngas Fermentation to Alcohols: Reactor Technology and Application Perspective

Stoll

Boukis

Sauer

2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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One approach of Power-to-X is the coupling of the energy and chemical sector, using electrolysis for syngas generation and microbial gas conversion for the production of biochemicals. On the verge of commercialization, known challenges of gas fermentation technology are poor mass transfer of syngas, low cell concentration and productivity. These problems can be addressed by an intelligent reactor design. Thus, this article provides an overview on the current state of the art for reactor technology in syngas fermentation and discusses possible concepts with regard to an application at industrial scale.

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Gas Fermentation for Commercial Biofuels Production

Cited by 29 publications

References 220 publications

Carbon dioxide reduction by mixed and pure cultures in microbial electrosynthesis using an assembly of graphite felt and stainless steel as a cathode

Carbon dioxide reduction by mixed and pure cultures in microbial electrosynthesis using an assembly of graphite felt and stainless steel as a cathode

A Narrow pH Range Supports Butanol, Hexanol, and Octanol Production from Syngas in a Continuous Co-culture of Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium kluyveri with In-Line Product Extraction

Syngas Fermentation to Alcohols: Reactor Technology and Application Perspective

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