Abstract:Cotton cultivation in the Brazilian Northeast region faces water scarcity problems caused by the irregularity of the rainy season, leading to losses in yield. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and production of colored-fiber cotton genotypes under water stress, varying the water deficit management strategies in the different phenological stages of the plant. The study was carried out in the experimental area of the Federal University of Campina Grande… Show more
“…Thus, it can be seen that ‘BRS Jade’ had greater production potential in both cycles. This is justified by the genetic constitution inherent to the genotype, allowing it to have superior agronomic characteristics when compared to the other genotypes studied [ 42 ], favoring the use of ‘BRS Jade’ as a genetic material suitable to sustainable agricultural exploitation [ 43 ].…”
Water scarcity is one of the main abiotic factors that limit agricultural production. In this sense, the identification of genotypes tolerant to water deficit associated with irrigation management strategies is extremely important. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology, production, water consumption, and water use efficiency of colored fiber cotton genotypes submitted to irrigation strategies with a water deficit in the phenological phases. Two experiments were conducted in succession. In the first experiment, a randomized block design was used in a 3 × 7 factorial scheme, corresponding to three colored cotton genotypes (BRS Rubi, BRS Jade, and BRS Safira) in seven irrigation management strategies with 40% of the real evapotranspiration (ETr) varying the phenological stages. In the second experiment, the same design was used in a 3 × 10 factorial arrangement (genotypes × irrigation management strategies). The water deficit in the vegetative phase can be used in the first year of cotton cultivation. Among the genotypes, ‘BRS Jade’ is the most tolerant to water deficit in terms of phytomass accumulation and fiber production.
“…Thus, it can be seen that ‘BRS Jade’ had greater production potential in both cycles. This is justified by the genetic constitution inherent to the genotype, allowing it to have superior agronomic characteristics when compared to the other genotypes studied [ 42 ], favoring the use of ‘BRS Jade’ as a genetic material suitable to sustainable agricultural exploitation [ 43 ].…”
Water scarcity is one of the main abiotic factors that limit agricultural production. In this sense, the identification of genotypes tolerant to water deficit associated with irrigation management strategies is extremely important. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the morphology, production, water consumption, and water use efficiency of colored fiber cotton genotypes submitted to irrigation strategies with a water deficit in the phenological phases. Two experiments were conducted in succession. In the first experiment, a randomized block design was used in a 3 × 7 factorial scheme, corresponding to three colored cotton genotypes (BRS Rubi, BRS Jade, and BRS Safira) in seven irrigation management strategies with 40% of the real evapotranspiration (ETr) varying the phenological stages. In the second experiment, the same design was used in a 3 × 10 factorial arrangement (genotypes × irrigation management strategies). The water deficit in the vegetative phase can be used in the first year of cotton cultivation. Among the genotypes, ‘BRS Jade’ is the most tolerant to water deficit in terms of phytomass accumulation and fiber production.
“…When comparing the assimilation rate of plants irrigated with water of 3.5 dS m -1 to that of plants that received water of 0.3 dS m -1 , a decrease of 56.33% was observed. The reduction in the photosynthesis rate of sour passion fruit plants under salt stress conditions is related to the action of stomatal and non-stomatal factors, such as the restriction of CO 2 diffusion in the mesophyll cells and a decrease in the affinity of ribulose-1,5-biphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (RuBisCO) with CO 2 (Soares et al, 2023), including changes in chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations (Dias et al, 2019;Diniz et al, 2020). Silva et al (2019), when evaluating the gas exchange of passion fruit as a function of irrigation with saline waters (ECw ranging from 0.7 to 2.8 dS m -1 ), observed that the lowest CO 2 assimilation rate (8.18 μmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 ) was obtained in plants irrigated with water of 2.8 dS m -1 .…”
Given the quantitative scarcity of low-salinity water resources in the Brazilian semi-arid region, it is necessary to use water with a high concentration of salts. Thus, identifying salt-stress tolerant cultivars of crops is an alternative for expanding irrigated agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance of passion fruit cultivars as a function of irrigation water electrical conductivity. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, whose treatments consisted of the combination of five values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1) and three sour passion fruit cultivars (BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437, with three replicates. Electrical conductivity of water from 0.3 dS m-1 reduces the relative water content, gas exchange, and the number of fruits and increased electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade of passion fruit plants, at 153 days after transplantation. The passion fruit cultivars BRS GA1, BRS SC1, and SCS437 were classified as sensitive, with threshold electrical conductivity of water of 0.3, 1.0, and 0.3 dS m-1, respectively.
“…Although cotton plants are relatively tolerant to water deficits, the expansion of cotton farming in the Brazilian semiarid region is constrained by local water conditions. Research on cotton crops under water restrictions has shown that water scarcity, particularly during critical phases like flowering and boll formation, directly impacts plant growth, development, and ultimately the productivity and quality of the fibers (Cordão et al, 2018;Maniçoba et al, 2021;Soares et al, 2023).…”
Na região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro é comum a ocorrência de variação temporal e espacial de chuvas, resultando em limitações hídricas que afetam a produção, especialmente do algodoeiro. Nesse sentido, a quitosana pode ser uma estratégia para minimizar os efeitos do déficit hídrico, melhorando a absorção de água e nutrientes. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito de concentrações de quitosana como atenuante da restrição hídrica no cultivo do algodoeiro de fibra naturalmente colorida ‘BRS Jade’. As plantas foram conduzidas em lisímetros de drenagem sob condições de casa de vegetação. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 × 4, sendo duas lâminas de irrigação (100 e 50% da necessidade hídrica da cultura) e quatro concentrações de quitosana (0,0; 0,25; 0,50 e 0,75 g L-1) com três repetições e uma planta por parcela. A restrição hídrica em 50% da lâmina reduziu o conteúdo relativo de água, a síntese de pigmentos fotossintéticos e a massa de algodão em caroço. Entretanto, a aplicação foliar de quitosana entre as concentrações de 0,25 e 0,50 g L-1 amenizou os efeitos deletérios da restrição hídrica sobre o teor de clorofila b, carotenoides, diâmetro do caule, área foliar, peso de 100 sementes, peso médio de capulho, massa de algodão em caroço, fitomassa seca total de capulhos, fitomassa seca do caule, da folha e da parte aérea do algodoeiro de fibra colorida ‘BRS Jade’.
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