Gas exchange during exercise in diabetic children

Baraldi, Eugenio; Monciotti, C. M.; Filippone, Marco; Santuz, Pierantonio; Magagnin, Giampiero; Zanconato, Stefania; Zacchello, Franco

doi:10.1002/ppul.1950130306

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our finding that adolescents with diabetes displayed a 10% reduction in maximal exercise capacity compared with healthy adolescents is consistent with previous studies, which show reductions ranging from 8 to 20% (8,9,12,16). Studies in adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes have also reported reductions in exercise capacity, but their reductions are usually greater than 20% compared with matched control subjects (17–20).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Diastolic Function Is Reduced in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Response to Exercise

et al. 2012

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OBJECTIVETo determine whether adolescents with type 1 diabetes have left ventricular functional changes at rest and during acute exercise and whether these changes are affected by metabolic control and diabetes duration.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe study evaluated 53 adolescents with type 1 diabetes and 22 control adolescents. Baseline data included peak exercise capacity and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Left ventricular functional parameters were obtained at rest and during acute exercise using magnetic resonance imaging.RESULTSCompared with nondiabetic control subjects, adolescents with type 1 diabetes had lower exercise capacity (44.7 ± 09 vs. 48.5 ± 1.4 mL/kg fat-free mass [FFM]/min; P < 0.05). Stroke volume was reduced in the diabetes group at rest (1.86 ± 0.04 vs. 2.05 ± 0.07 mL/kg FFM; P = 0.02) and during acute exercise (1.89 ± 0.04 vs. 2.17 ± 0.06 mL/kg FFM; P = 0.01). Diabetic adolescents also had reduced end-diastolic volume at rest (2.94 ± 0.06 vs. 3.26 ± 0.09 mL/kg FFM; P = 0.01) and during acute exercise (2.78 ± 0.05 vs. 3.09 ± 0.08 mL/kg FFM; P = 0.01). End-systolic volume was lower in the diabetic group at rest (1.08 ± 0.03 vs. 1.21 ± 0.04 mL/kg FFM; P = 0.01) but not during acute exercise. Exercise capacity and resting and exercise stroke volumes were correlated with glycemic control but not with diabetes duration.CONCLUSIONSAdolescents with type 1 diabetes have reduced exercise capacity and display alterations in cardiac function compared with nondiabetic control subjects, associated with reduced stroke volume during exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Diastolic Function Is Reduced in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Response to Exercise

et al. 2012

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“…On the other hand, we cannot be sure this difference in ratios would be maintained as respiratory rates change in vivo, since accurate measurement would be difficult, and the ratio per se would be sensitive to factors beyond respiration, including ATP production, membrane potential, respiratory coupling, and substrate utilization. We do point out that whole body oxygen use is actually increased in insulindeficient diabetes as our data (see text under Animal characteristics) and other reports (1,25,29,31) indicate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Mitochondrial superoxide and coenzyme Q in insulin-deficient rats: increased electron leak

Herlein

Fink²,

Henry³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Mitochondrial superoxide is important in the pathogeneses of diabetes and its complications. However, there is uncertainty regarding the intrinsic propensity of mitochondria to generate this radical. Studies to date suggest that superoxide production by mitochondria of insulin-sensitive target tissues of insulin-deficient rodents is reduced or unchanged. Moreover, little is known of the role of the Coenzyme Q (CoQ), whose semiquinone form reacts with molecular oxygen to generate superoxide. We measured reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respiratory parameters, and CoQ content in mitochondria from gastrocnemius muscle of control and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. CoQ content did not differ between mitochondria isolated from vehicle- or STZ-treated animals. CoQ also was unaffected by weight loss in the absence of diabetes (induced by caloric restriction). Under state 4 or state 3 conditions, both respiration and ROS release were reduced in diabetic mitochondria fueled with succinate, glutamate plus malate, or with all three substrates (continuous TCA cycle). However, H2O2 and directly measured superoxide production were substantially increased in gastrocnemius mitochondria of diabetic rats when expressed per unit oxygen consumed. On the basis of substrate and inhibitor effects, the mechanism involved multiple electron transport sites. More limited results using heart mitochondria were similar. ROS per unit respiration was greater in muscle mitochondria from diabetic compared with control rats during state 3, as well as state 4, while the reduction in ROS per unit respiration on transition to state 3 was less for diabetic mitochondria. In summary, ROS production is, in fact, increased in mitochondria from insulin-deficient muscle when considered relative to electron transport. This is evident on multiple energy substrates and in different respiratory states. CoQ is not reduced in diabetic mitochondria or with weight loss due to food restriction. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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“…Metabolic issues (such as hyperglycemia and low lactic acid clearance during and after exercise) and respiratory problems (the ventilation reached at peak exercise was lower in proportion to the reduction in O 2 uptake) may relate to reduced anaerobic threshold and early fatigability or loss of performance (12). However, we did not find a difference in V o 2peak max between type 1 diabetic and healthy control athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Athletes With and Without Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2010

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OBJECTIVETo compare the aerobic exercise capacity and pulmonary function between athletes with and without type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSFifty-one adult age-matched individuals were assessed in random order to the maximum volume of O2 consumption (Vo2peak max) (ml/kg/min), anaerobic threshold (ml/kg/min), peak pulmonary ventilation (Ve), heart rate (beats per min), time to exhaustion (min), forced vital capacity (FEV) (%), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (%), total lung capacity (TLC) (%), and lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (%). Individuals were 27 with type 1 diabetes: 15 athletes (ADM) and 12 nonathletes (NADM); and 24 healthy individuals: 12 ADM and 12 NADM. Duration of diabetes was 14.6 ± 6.2 and 15.2 ± 6.7 years in ADM and NADM, respectively.RESULTSVo2peak max was higher in ADM than in NADM (P < 0.001). The anaerobic threshold was lower in subjects with type 1 diabetes than in control subjects (P < 0.001). FEV1 was lower in ADM than in other groups (NADM, athletes control, and nonathletes control, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSAerobic capacity in subjects with type 1 diabetes with programmed exercise is similar to the capacity of normal athletes despite lower anaerobic threshold and FEV1.

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Gas exchange during exercise in diabetic children

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Diastolic Function Is Reduced in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Response to Exercise

Diastolic Function Is Reduced in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes in Response to Exercise

Mitochondrial superoxide and coenzyme Q in insulin-deficient rats: increased electron leak

Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Athletes With and Without Type 1 Diabetes

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