Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Nematicidal Essential Oil ofValeriana amurensis P Smirn ex Kom (Valerianaceae) Roots and its Activity against Heterodera avenae

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition and nematicidal activity of the essential oil of Valeriana amurensis roots against cereal cyst nematodes (Heterodera avenae).Methods: The essential oil of V. amurensis roots was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromaotography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The nematicidal activity of the essential oil and its major constituents was determined against second stage juveniles of H. avenae.Results: A total of 33 components of the essential oil were identified. The major constituents were bornyl acetate (12.5 %), patchoulol (11.6 %), caryophyllene (8.2 %), 3-methylvaleric acid (7.3 %) and isovaleric acid (6.5 %). The essential oil exhibited nematicidal activity against H. avenae with a medium lethal concentration (LC50) value of 311.6 μg/mL. The major constituents, isovaleric acid and 3- methylvaleric acid, exhibited nematicidal activity against H. avenae with LC50 of 218.2 and 683.8 μg/mL, respectively.Conclusion: The study indicates that the essential oil of V. amurensis roots and its two major constituents, isovaleric acid and 3-methylvaleric acid, have a potential to be developed to natural nematicides for the control of cereal cyst nematodes.Keywords: Valeriana amurensis, Heterodera avenae, Nematicidal activity, Isovaleric acid, 3- Methylvaleric acid, Essential oil, Cereal cyst nematodes

Activity of Vetiver Extracts and Essential Oil against Meloidogyne incognita

“…For example, β -caryophyllene (a sesquiterpene) and linalool (a monoterpene alcohol) were attractants to some entomopathogenic nematodes (Būda and Čepulytė-Rakauskienė, 2011;Laznik and Trdan, 2013). Caryophyllene showed little or no toxicity at 5.0 mg/ml or less to M. incognita, M. javanica, or Heterodera avenae (Ntalli et al, 2010;Andrés et al, 2012;Bai et al, 2013;Li et al, 2015). Linalool was nontoxic and an attractant to the potato cyst nematodes Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis (Būda and Čepulytė-Rakauskienė, 2011).…”

Essential Oils and Volatiles as Nematodicides against the Cyst Nematodes Globodera and Heterodera

“…The activity of EOs against the genus Heterodera was reported by eight publications [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. EOs were reported against H. avenae, H. cajani, H. schachtii and on undefined HET species.…”