Gas Chromatographic Simulated Distillation-Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of the Boiling Point Distributions of Crude Oils

and, Stilianos G. Roussis; Fitzgerald, W. P.

doi:10.1021/ac9912193

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The final separation temperature can reach 450°C, which results in a number of problems, including insufficient stability of the stationary phase and a large increase in the detector signal. Disadvantages of the SIMDIS method have been discussed in a number of papers . Some of these problems have been eliminated by EC‐GC conditions, in which the elution temperature is considerably lower compared to SIMDIS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high‐boiling petroleum fractions

Boczkaj

Przyjazny

Kamiński

2015

J of Separation Science

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The paper describes a new procedure for the determination of boiling point distribution of high-boiling petroleum fractions using size-exclusion chromatography with refractive index detection. Thus far, the determination of boiling range distribution by chromatography has been accomplished using simulated distillation with gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. This study revealed that in spite of substantial differences in the separation mechanism and the detection mode, the size-exclusion chromatography technique yields similar results for the determination of boiling point distribution compared with simulated distillation and novel empty column gas chromatography. The developed procedure using size-exclusion chromatography has a substantial applicability, especially for the determination of exact final boiling point values for high-boiling mixtures, for which a standard high-temperature simulated distillation would have to be used. In this case, the precision of final boiling point determination is low due to the high final temperatures of the gas chromatograph oven and an insufficient thermal stability of both the gas chromatography stationary phase and the sample. Additionally, the use of high-performance liquid chromatography detectors more sensitive than refractive index detection allows a lower detection limit for high-molar-mass aromatic compounds, and thus increases the sensitivity of final boiling point determination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high‐boiling petroleum fractions

Boczkaj

Przyjazny

Kamiński

2015

J of Separation Science

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“…8 Sendo tais determinações analíticas incorporadas aos dados rotineiros da monitoração e do controle de uma refinaria de petróleo. [8][9][10] A atual rotina para elaboração de projetos que requerem o parâmetro de dilatação cúbica ou expansão térmica de naftas e outros produtos leves utiliza as normas ASTM 11 ou API 12 para estimar faixas dessa grandeza, sem considerar as diferentes rotas de obtenção, bem como, o petróleo de origem. Tais estimativas impõem aos projetos um indicador de erro considerável (superior a 25%), e reduz a exatidão nos dimensionamentos realizados.…”

Section: Os Primeiros Procedimentos De Destilação Pad O Izados Pela unclassified

Prediction of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Naphtha for ASTM Distillation Curve

Jeronimo¹

2012

Revista Virtual De Química

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This paper describes a calculation mechanism obtained from experimental data of ASTM and d20/4 curves to determine the volumetric expansion of naphtha. The study included historical data (experimental) of naphtha from directly distillation samples produced in a Brazilian refinery for a period of one year processing, considering the different loads used for this production. The data selection and calculations were performed at idealized routine in Excel®, with values of process streams. The results were within the ranges indicated by the literature in terms of magnitude, but with deviations of less than 15% of the values listed for consideration in the projects. The adoption of this al ulatio e ha is is uite si ple as it o side s data al eady availa le i the efi e ies' o t ol systems) and adds a good adjustment for the parameters prediction to be used in design and sizing of safety valves (PSV -Pressure Safety and Relief Valve).Keywords: Thermal expansion; cubic expansion; coefficient of thermal expansion. ResumoEste trabalho descreve um mecanismo de cálculo a partir de dados experimentais das curvas ASTM e da d20/4 da determinação da dilatação volumétrica de amostras de naftas. O estudo considerou dados históricos (experimentais) de amostras de nafta da destilação direta, produzida em uma refinaria brasileira, em um período de um ano de processamento, considerando as diferentes cargas utilizadas para essa produção. Os cálculos e a seleção dos dados foram feitos por rotinas implementadas em planilhas eletrônicas, com valores das correntes de processo. Os resultados obtidos mostraram-se dentro das faixas indicadas pela literatura, em termos de ordem de grandeza, porém com desvios inferiores a 15% dos valores indicados para consideração nos projetos. A adoção desse mecanismo de cálculo é bastante simples, porque considera dados já disponíveis nos sistemas de controle das refinarias produtoras de gasolina e agrega uma boa correção para a previsão dos parâmetros a serem utilizados nos projetos e no dimensionamento de válvulas de segurança (PSVPressure Safety and Relief Valve).Palavras-chave: Dilatação térmica; dilatação cúbica; coeficiente de dilatação térmica.

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“…It is used on an industrial scale for fractionation of petroleum (in re neries) as well as in the laboratory-scale sample preparation (e.g., before chemical analysis of complex samples). Beside simple distillation, several customized variants of this technique (including fractional distillation, 7) vacuum distillation, 8,9) molecular distillation, 10) and simulated distillation 11,12) ) are in common use. For example, fractional distillation takes advantage of several vapor condensation steps taking place in one apparatus, providing enhanced separation of volatile components because of the high number of theoretical plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prototype of an Interface for Hyphenating Distillation with Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

2017

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Chemical analysis of complex matrices-containing hundreds of compounds-is challenging. Two-dimensional separation techniques provide an e cient way to reduce complexity of mixtures analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS). For example, gasoline is a mixture of numerous compounds, which can be fractionated by distillation techniques. However, coupling conventional distillation with other separations as well as MS is not straightforward. We have established an automatic system for online coupling of simple microscale distillation with gas chromatography (GC) and electron ionization MS. e developed system incorporates an interface between the distillation condenser and the injector of a fused silica capillary GC column. Development of this multidimensional separation (distillation-GC-MS) was preceded by a series of preliminary o -line experiments. In the developed technique, the components with di erent boiling points are fractionated and instantly analyzed by GC-MS. e obtained data sets illustrate dynamics of the distillation process. An important advantage of the distillation-GC-MS technique is that raw samples can directly be analyzed without removal of the non-volatile matrix residues that could contaminate the GC injection port and the column. Distilling the samples immediately before the injection to the GC column may reduce possible matrix e ects-especially in the early phase of separation, when molecules with di erent volatilities co-migrate. It can also reduce losses of highly volatile components (during fraction collection and transfer).e two separation steps are partly orthogonal, what can slightly increase selectivity of the entire analysis.

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Gas Chromatographic Simulated Distillation-Mass Spectrometry for the Determination of the Boiling Point Distributions of Crude Oils

Cited by 30 publications

References 12 publications

Size‐exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high‐boiling petroleum fractions

Size‐exclusion chromatography for the determination of the boiling point distribution of high‐boiling petroleum fractions

Prediction of the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Naphtha for ASTM Distillation Curve

Prototype of an Interface for Hyphenating Distillation with Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

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