Gas Chromatographic Method for Analysis of p-Synephrine in Citrus aurantium L. Products

Andrade, Adriana; Schmitt, Gabriela Cristina; Rossato, Luciana; Russowsky, Dennis; Limberger, Renata Pereira

doi:10.1365/s10337-009-0991-5

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Regarding synephrine analysis, GC/IT-MS represents a good potential to be exploited since there are only two methods described using this approach and none of those using cellular matrices [8,37]. The GC methods previously published are applied to dietary supplements and they show linearity range, LOD, and LOQ to concentrations higher than those required for biological analysis [8,37]. Furthermore, in the work of Andrade et al, samples must be subjected to a maceration process of 60-90 min and the derivatization procedure with cyclohexanone lasts 1 h [8]; thus it is a time-consuming method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The GC methods previously published are applied to dietary supplements and they show linearity range, LOD, and LOQ to concentrations higher than those required for biological analysis [8,37]. Furthermore, in the work of Andrade et al, samples must be subjected to a maceration process of 60-90 min and the derivatization procedure with cyclohexanone lasts 1 h [8]; thus it is a time-consuming method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a sensitive method to quantify simultaneously both synephrine isomers by GC/IT-MS, in a cellular matrix, is described.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…known that p-and m-synephrine, also named phenylephrine, are trace endogenous amines widely distributed among bacteria, invertebrates, and vertebrates, including humans [4]. Although there are some studies that report the presence of m-synephrine in C. aurantium [5][6][7], the majority of works report that only p-synephrine can be found in plants [4,8,9]. Nevertheless, when considering weight loss products, the presence of m-synephrine is also reported, probably due to synthetic addition [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development and validation of a GC/IT-MS method for simultaneous quantitation of para and meta-synephrine in biological samples

Rossato

Pinho

Silva

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a GC/IT-MS method for simultaneous quantitation of para and meta-synephrine in biological samples

Rossato

Pinho

Silva

et al. 2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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“…2 mL of the organic phase were removed with the aid of micropipette, placed in vials and taken to a water bath at 70˚C to make the concentration. After being concentrated, products were reconstituted with 200 µL of methanol to follow the reactions using analysis by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), phase Gas Chromatography with Ionization Flame Detector (GC/ FID) and confirmation of Gas Chromatography Mass Detector (GC/MS), following methods previously reported and validated by our research group [15] [16] [17].…”

Section: /15mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation of Ephedrine by Whole Cells of Cunnighamella elegans

Fogaca¹,

Bergamo²,

Zamboni³

et al. 2017

OALib

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Ephedrine biotransformation reactions were performed using strain Cunninghamella elegans in order to obtain products similar to human metabolism products. The choice of strains used was based on previous literature review which identified the species Cunninghamella elegans as promising due to their phenotypic characteristics, such as expressing Oxidoreductases enzymes that are necessary for carrying out the oxidation and reduction reactions in the side chain of the molecule ephedrine, in addition to expressing monooxygenases enzymes cytochrome P450 superfamily, which in humans were found in the lipid bilayer of hepatocytes and were responsible for the hydroxylation process of substances. Therefore, it was performed experiments with strains of Cunninghamella elegans acquired by the mycology collection of the Federal University of Pernambuco, originating from different ecosystems. From screening step, it selected URM 4428 strain to present better profile biocatalytic to ephedrine. The results demonstrate the gradual formation of bioproducts in reversible character, and the reduction of bioproducts accompanied by the recovery of the substrate. To our knowledge, there are not previous scientific literature focusing the biotransformation of ephedrine by fungi, which demonstrates the uniqueness specific to our research and presents C. elegans, as a promising auxiliary tool in the exploration and understanding of the metabolism of amphetamine-type drugs in humans.

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“…[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Having a look on the chemical structure of p-SY, Scheme 1, with its electron rich benzene ring, and electron donating hydroxyl and 2 -amino groups, one can observe its suitability for being an electron donor. To the best of our knowledge, no spectrophotometric procedure based on charge transfer complex (CTC) formation was reported for p-SY determination.…”

Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of p-synephrine with p-chloranil: experimental design and multiple response optimization

et al. 2016

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In the current paper, and for the first time, spectrophotometry coupled with a set of factorial designs was executed as a new tool for investigating the interaction between p-synephrine (p-SY) and p-chloranil (p-CHL). Two types of complexes were observed as a result of this interaction. The first complex, an intermolecular charge transfer complex, was measured at 452 nm, while the second, an intramolecular charge transfer complex, was measured at 536 nm. A chemometric assisted screening and optimization of the absorbance at the two wavelengths was scrutinized. As a screening procedure, a 2-level full factorial design (2 k -FFD) was employed. Method variables, such as reaction temperature, heating time, reagent volume, and solvent type were considered and the response was measured at the individual wavelengths. With the help of Pareto analysis, and ANOVA testing (following a response transformation employing Box-Cox treatment), variables ascertained to be significant (p < 0.05) were selected.Significant factors were carefully adjusted, exploiting a response surface methodology (RSM) with a face-

show abstract

Gas Chromatographic Method for Analysis of p-Synephrine in Citrus aurantium L. Products

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Development and validation of a GC/IT-MS method for simultaneous quantitation of para and meta-synephrine in biological samples

Development and validation of a GC/IT-MS method for simultaneous quantitation of para and meta-synephrine in biological samples

Biotransformation of Ephedrine by Whole Cells of Cunnighamella elegans

Interaction of p-synephrine with p-chloranil: experimental design and multiple response optimization

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