Garlic and its Active Compounds: A Novel Strategy to Fight Diseases Through Modulating Biological Activities

Alrumaihi, Faris

doi:10.5530/pj.2020.12.201

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Allicin is one of the main active constituents in garlic [ 36 , 37 ], but it is highly unstable and is quickly decomposed in other stable organosulfur constituents, such as diallyl disulfide [ 33 ]. Alrumaihi [ 38 ] highlighted that allicin and diallyl disulfide are important active compounds that modulate several biological activities and help prevent pathogenesis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Mixture Optimization in the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities from Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Cavalcanti

Aazza²,

Bertolucci

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Garlic is a health promoter that has important bioactive compounds. The bioactive extraction is an important step in the analysis of constituents present in plant preparations. The purpose of this study is to optimize the extraction with the best proportion of solvents to obtain total phenolic compounds (TPC) and thiosulfinates (TS) from dried garlic powder, and evaluate the antioxidant activities of the optimized extracts. A statistical mixture simplex axial design was used to evaluate the effect of solvents (water, ethanol, and acetone), as well as mixtures of these solvents, after two ultrasound extraction cycles of 15 min. Results showed that solvent mixtures with a high portion of water and pure water were efficient for TPC and TS recovery through this extraction procedure. According to the regression model computed, the most significant solvent mixtures to obtain high TPC and TS recovery from dried garlic powder are, respectively, the binary mixture with 75% water and 25% acetone and pure water. These optimized extracts presented oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Pure water was better for total antioxidant capacity, and the binary mixture of water–acetone (75:25) was better for DPPH scavenging activity. These optimized extracts can be used for industrial and research applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Mixture Optimization in the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities from Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Cavalcanti

Aazza²,

Bertolucci

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…Previously, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. sativum exhibited significant fibrinolytic activity [37]. A study [38] revealed that A. sativum triggers the fibrinolytic activity by enhancing the activation of t-PA (tissue-type plasminogen activation) mediated plasminogen and also, reduces the thrombin formation by suppressing coagulation system. Diallyl trisulphide and diallyl disulphide exhibit less platelet thromboxane formation and antiplatelet activity than the placebo.…”

Section: Blood Protection Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Comparative Bioefficacy of Allium sativum L. Bulb through Different Solvents

Hussain¹,

Shahid²,

Zulfiqar³

et al. 2021

J. Mex. Chem. Soc.

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Abstract. Allium sativum (garlic), an aromatic bulbous plant is one of the most vital and oldest authenticated herbs which has been utilized from ancient times as a traditional medicine. A. sativum has cardioprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant and anticancer properties due to a large range of phenolic compounds and sulfur containing compounds. The current study was conducted to assess the antioxidant chemistry, and numerous bioactivities of A. sativum bulbs extracts in different solvents. Ethanol fraction was the most active antioxidant and showed maximum total phenolic content (16.18 g GAE/100 g), total flavonoid content (95.04 g CE/100 g) and free radical scavenging activity (75.50 %). Methanol (4 %) fraction exhibited maximum antiglycation activity. Aqueous, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited maximal (52 %, 24 % and 38 %) inhibitions of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase respectively. In an antimicrobial assay, ethanol (59.05 %) and chloroform (72.92 %) fractions showed maximum inhibition of Pasturella multocida and Staphylococcus aureus strains respectively. n-butanol and n-hexane fractions showed maximum (31 %) antihemolytic activity and (20 %) thrombolytic activities respectively. A. sativum bulb extracts and fractions have noteworthy bio-efficacies that holds promise to be used as a source of natural drug to cure various disorders. Resumen. Allium sativum (ajo), una planta bulbosa aromática, es una de las hierbas autenticadas más vitales y antiguas que se han utilizado desde la antigüedad como medicina tradicional. A. sativum tiene propiedades cardioprotectoras, antimicrobianas, anti-inflamatorias, anti-diabéticas, anti-oxidantes y anti-cancerígenas debido a una amplia gama de compuestos fenólicos y compuestos que contienen azufre. El estudio actual se llevó a cabo para evaluar la química antioxidante y numerosas bioactividades de extractos de rizoma de A. sativum en diferentes disolventes. La fracción de etanol tuvo la mayor actividad antioxidante y mostró un contenido fenólico total máximo (16.18 g GAE / 100 g), contenido total de flavonoides (95.04 g CE / 100 g) y actividad captadora de radicales libres (75.50 %). La fracción de metanol (4 %) exhibió la mayor actividad de antiglicación. Las fracciones acuosa, de n-hexano y de acetato de etilo inhibieron la actividad de alfa-amilasa, alfa-glucosidasa y acetilcolinesterasa, en 52 %, 24 % y 38 % respectivamente. En el ensayo antimicrobiano, las fracciones de etanol (59.05 %) y cloroformo (72.92 %) mostraron una inhibición máxima de las cepas de Pasturella multocida y Staphylococcus aureus, respectivamente. Las fracciones de n-butanol y n-hexano mostraron actividad anti-hemolítica (31 %) y trombolítica (20 %) respectivamente. Los extractos y fracciones de rizoma de A. sativum tienen bioeficacia notable con potencial de ser utilizadas como una fuente de fármaco natural para curar diversos trastornos.

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“…Comparatively, multiple studies have proven that antiinflammatory agents can decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines. 41,42 Therefore, treatment with garlic is expected to reduce the exacerbations of hepatitis and improve the quality of patient's life in numerous inflammatory diseases. 43 Garlic is a natural product with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and antimicrobial properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Garlic Extract Alleviates Trastuzumab-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Through Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antihyperlipidemic Effects

Mousa¹,

Soliman²,

Alhumaydhi³

et al. 2021

JIR

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Background: Trastuzumab is a new biological drug that has been used to treat breast and gastric cancer; however, its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity limit its use. Garlic has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of garlic on trastuzumab-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. Methods: Twenty rats were divided into four equal groups as vehicle control (G1), garlic (G2), trastuzumab (G3), and trastuzumab+garlic (G4). All rats were sacrificed after eight weeks of treatment, followed by blood collection and excision of liver tissues for further analyses. The liver specimens were processed for histopathological (HP), immunohistochemical (expression of TNF-α and PCNA), immunofluorescent expression of Chk2 and p53, biochemical, and flow cytometry investigations to evaluate the extent of hepatocyte injury. The biochemical analysis was conducted for the activity of tissue antioxidants (GPX1, CAT, and SOD2), serum lipid profile, and liver enzymes, whereas ROS was performed by flow cytometry. Results:The results revealed remarkable structural changes in hepatocytes of G3 with significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory cells and positive PCNA cells, area % of collagen fibers, and immuno-expression of TNF-α, as well as a significant reduction in the nuclear expression of Chk2. In addition, significant reductions were noticed in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD2, CAT, and GPX1) activity of G3. In contrast, the levels of lipid profile tests (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDLC, and HDLC), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), and ROS revealed significant increases in rats of G3. Likewise, garlic administration in G4 restored all mentioned changes to their average levels deviated by trastuzumab. Conclusion: Based on the current results, garlic demonstrates hepatoprotective effects against trastuzumab-induced toxicity in rats. The study suggested for the first time that the coadministration of garlic with trastuzumab for treating breast or gastric cancer can augment their efficacy with minimal toxicity.

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Garlic and its Active Compounds: A Novel Strategy to Fight Diseases Through Modulating Biological Activities

Cited by 5 publications

References 122 publications

Solvent Mixture Optimization in the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities from Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Solvent Mixture Optimization in the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities from Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Probing the Comparative Bioefficacy of Allium sativum L. Bulb through Different Solvents

Garlic Extract Alleviates Trastuzumab-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Through Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antihyperlipidemic Effects

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