Gardens In The Worldwide Globalization Process

Abstract

In the cultural space of the current period of history, the intensification of the process of cultural transfer contributes to a change in the canonical circle of national creativity, including in gardening art. Therefore, understanding the modern interpretation of the ideal space, which has always been understood as a garden, is important for determining the trends in the development of ornamental gardening in general. Intensive cultural exchange within the ancient empires gave rise to a worldwide process of universal economic, political and cultural integration and unification, called globalization. To understand this process, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors that allow foreign cultural traditions to take root, in our case, the traditions of ornamental gardening. The objects of research were more than 200 gardens in China, Japan, Vietnam, India, Morocco and European countries personally visited and studied by the authors for 25 years. The article shows how the Chinese garden culture influenced the formation of the appearance of the gardens of Europe, and the Greco-Roman architecture largely shaped the appearance of the English landscape park. An analysis of the facts presented in the article showed a close relationship between historical events and periods of development of decorative gardening techniques, which have been preserved in gardens for thousands of years along with other cultural monuments. However, it must be remembered that there is also a negative side of globalization -the loss of the cultural identity of countries and peoples.

Kotimaisia valtapuulajeja uhkaavat vieraslajihyönteiset – pronssijalosoukko, siperianmäntykehrääjä ja taigamonikirjaaja

“…Esimerkiksi Telenomus gracilis Mayr loispistiäistä pidetään tärkeänä perhosen populaatiodynamiikan säätelijänä, ja se tuhoaa pääosan munista (Kolomiets 1962;Bol daruyev 1969). Perhoselta tunnetaan myös muita loispistiäisiä ja taudinaiheuttajia, mutta niiden merkitystä kannansäätelijöinä ei tunneta (Golosova 2003).…”