Gaps in Current Autism Research: The Thoughts of the <i>Autism Research</i> Editorial Board and Associate Editors

Amaral, David G.; Anderson, George M.; Bailey, Anthony; Bernier, R.; Bishop, Somer; Blatt, Gene J.; Canal‐Bedia, Ricardo; Charman, Tony; Dawson, Geraldine; Vries, Petrus J. de; DiCicco‐Bloom, Emanuel; Dissanayake, Cheryl; Kamio, Yoko; Kana, Rajesh K.; Khan, Naila Zaman; Knoll, Allison T.; Kooy, R. Frank; Lainhart, Janet E.; Levitt, Pat; Loveland, Katherine A.; Minshew, Nancy J.; Mueller, R; Murphy, Declan; Mundy, Peter; Palencia, Sara Isabel; Pinto‐Martin, Jennifer; Rattazzi, Alexia; Rogers, Sally J.; Stone, Wendy L.; Webb, Sara Jane; Whitehouse, Andrew J. O.

doi:10.1002/aur.2101

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…The types and specific goals of treatments differ greatly for autistic people who are verbally fluent versus those who have difficulty speaking for themselves, such that alternative systems need to be in place that take into account cooccurring conditions, strengths, preferences and challenges. More studies of well-defined, more homogeneous subgroups of autistic children and adults over time would provide different and more useful information about real-life issues, as in Table 2 than large-scale surveys of very heterogeneous samples 251 .…”

Section: [H1] Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, there have been calls for more attention to global issues in autism research 251 (Global Research on Developmental Disabilities Collaboration -Lancet Global Health, 2016), including a number of related issues with somewhat different potential solutions. For example, broader populations should be included in autism research, including individuals from Lower Resource and Middle Income countries (LMICs), but also inclusive representation of the ethnic, linguistic and socio-economic diversity of many High Resource countries and people whose autism is unrecognised.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Autism spectrum disorder

Lord

Brugha

Charman

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Dis Primers

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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a construct used to describe individuals with a specific combination of impairments in social communication and repetitive behaviours, highly restricted interests and/or sensory behaviours beginning early in life. The worldwide prevalence of autism is just under 1%, but estimates are higher in high-resource countries. Although gross brain pathology is not characteristic of autism, subtle anatomical and functional differences have been observed in postmortem, neuroimaging and electrophysiological studies. Initially it was hoped that accurate measurement of behavioural phenotypes would lead to specific genetic subtypes, but genetic findings have mainly applied to heterogeneous groups that are not specific to autism. Psychosocial interventions in children can improve specific behaviours, such as joint attention, language and social engagement that may affect further development and could reduce symptom severity. However, further research is necessary to identify the long-term needs and treatments and the mechanisms behind them that could result in improved independence and quality of life over time. Families are often the major source of support for people with AUTISM throughout much of life and need to be considered, along with the perspectives of autistic persons, in both research and practice. [H1] Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common, highly heritable and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that has underlying cognitive features and commonly co-occurs with other conditions. The Autism spectrum disorder-or autism-is a neurodevelopmental disorder that typically manifests in young children. This Primer by Lord and colleagues reviews the epidemiology, mechanisms, clinical detection and treatment of autism.

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Section: [H1] Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder

Lord

Brugha

Charman

et al. 2020

Nat Rev Dis Primers

Self Cite

991

741

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“…The COVID-19 situation simply accentuates preexisting gaps in current autism research [Editorial, Lancet Psychiatry, 2020]. In the Commentary article in Autism Research [Amaral et al, 2019], I emphasized two points of view. First, that when treating autism, the therapeutic goal should not only be to reduce autistic symptoms themselves but to improve overall mental health, which will result in enhanced lifelong functions.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Autism: A View From Japanmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 and Autism Research: Perspectives from Around the Globe

Amaral

Vries

2020

Autism Research

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“…Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental, lifelong condition characterized by core features in two domains: impairments in social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests across multiple contexts [1]. It is also characterized by heterogeneity, implying that individuals diagnosed with ASD can demonstrate a wide variation in behavioral representation and differences in cognitive and language developmental profiles, as well as presence or absence of coexisting conditions [2]. The onset of symptoms appears in early childhood, when ASD symptoms are present in the first 12 months of life (early onset) or when already acquired skills are lost during the first few years of life (regressive onset) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturally diverse families of young children with ASD in Sweden: Parental explanatory models

et al. 2020

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Background Research suggests that families' knowledge and cultural perceptions of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and beliefs about its etiology and prognosis, can affect parents' recognition of the first signs of autism in their children and influence help seeking and treatment decisions. Objective This study investigated explanatory models of autism among parents of young children with ASD in the multicultural context of Sweden. Method Seventeen parents from diverse cultural, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds participated in semi-structured interviews. A deductive approach to qualitative content analysis was used to analyze data. Five domains of the Explanatory Model supplementary module of the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) were used as coding categories, operationalized as 'Parents' understanding of autism'; 'Autism prototypes'; 'Causal explanations'; 'Course of autism', and 'Help seeking and treatment expectations' Results The results showed that parents' prior knowledge of autism and experience of young children's typical developmental trajectories, as well as the opinions of children's grandparents and preschool teachers, affected symptom recognition and help seeking. There were differences in parents' explanatory models before and after ASD diagnosis. Initial interpretations of the disorder included medical conditions and reaction to environmental influences, while genetic, supernatural/religious factors, and vaccinations were mentioned as definite causes after obtaining a clinical diagnosis. Parents also held multiple explanatory models,

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Gaps in Current Autism Research: The Thoughts of the Autism Research Editorial Board and Associate Editors

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder

COVID‐19 and Autism Research: Perspectives from Around the Globe

Culturally diverse families of young children with ASD in Sweden: Parental explanatory models

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