Gamma irradiation, thermal conductivity, and phase change tests of the cement‐hyperbranched poly amino‐ester‐block‐poly cabrolactone‐polyurathane plaster‐lead oxide and arsenic oxide composite for development of radiation shielding material

Abstract

Summary The work which has been done on cement‐polymer composite based shielding materials was comprehensively described in the present article, the choice of the study presented here is based on the choice of the researches. The new Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane Plaster‐concrete composites mixed with different percentage soft lead oxide and arsenic oxide is used to research gamma‐ray shielding and thermal conductivity characteristics. The synthesis of new Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane copolymer was achieved by Atom Transfer Reaction and Condensation Polymerization methods. The characterization of Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane Plaster was made with the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Gel Permeation Chromatography, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope methods. The transmitted fluxes of gamma‐rays that were emitted from Eu152 source was detected by a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector system at Karadeniz Technical University‐Department of Physics in Trabzon and analyzed by a GammaVision (Version:6.07‐Ortec, Oak Ridge, TN) computer program. The composite phase change materials including 89, 87, 69, 67% Portland cement, 1% and 3% PU‐Plaster, 10% and 30% weight percent lead oxide and arsenic oxide was irradiated in the various gamma ray photon energy region (121.78, 344.28, 778.90, 964.08, 1085.87, 1112.07, and 1408.01 keV) for 3600 seconds. Then, linear attenuation coefficients, mass attenuation coefficients, half‐value layer, tenth value layer, mean free path, radiation protection efficiency, and gamma‐rays absorption of concrete‐the Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane copolymers specimens were experimentally investigated. Thermal properties and morphological analysis of the irradiated substances were explored handling differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscope methods of the nano lead oxide and arsenic oxide including composite phase change material via gamma irradiation were submitted. Moreover, the effect of the Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane amount on the radiation attenuation of the composite material was investigated. Gamma attenuation experiments have been performed to specify lead equivalent values for the improved composite material. The composite equivalent thickness values from 0.5 to 0.6 cm sample thickness and 0.665 cm radius were obtained. Via crosschecking the acquired data from concrete samples with and without lead and arsenic, it was observed that, if the powder of lead oxide and arsenic oxide to cement ratio of 10% and 30% by weight is added in the concrete mixture, the concrete‐the Hyperbranched Poly Amino‐Ester‐block‐Poly Caprolactone‐Polyurathane composite can be used as a suitable shield against gamma rays. Also, mass attenuation coefficients were calculated as theoret...

Radiation Shielding Tests of Crosslinked Polystyrene-b-Polyethyleneglycol Block Copolymers Blended with Nanostructured Selenium Dioxide and Boron Nitride Particles

“…It should also be noted that when the gamma radiation energy increases, the RPE rates decrease, meaning that these decreases in the RPE rates confirm that all of our results are compatible with the other attenuation parameters (i.e., , , HVL, TVL, MFP) computed and experimentally detected. These conclusions obtained are consistent with the results of the research composites developed for gamma-ray shielding with various nanostructured additives, including polymers [ 11 , 12 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. As a result, the current alterations in nanoparticle proportions are quite efficacious for diminishing the influence of gamma radiation.…”

“…Protection from the effects of radiation includes two conditions: protection under normal and abnormal conditions. Under normal conditions, the impermeability of radioactive and radiation-containing materials is the main objective, while under abnormal conditions, the flexibility, durability, high corrosion resistance, and thermal properties of the materials are taken into account, in addition to the former [ 11 , 12 ].…”

“…For this reason, researchers have remarkably focused on polymer-based irradiation (gamma, electromagnetic, etc.) shielding substances [ 11 , 12 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. To develop an effective neutron shielding material, Zhang et al worked on alternating multilayered composites (high-density polyethylene/high-density polyethylene/boron nitride (HDPE/HDPE/BN) and HDPE/BN/HDPE/barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) systems), and found that neutron permeability noticeably diminished with multilayered composites, and that compared to classic polymer-based substances, these composites illustrated great shielding performance [ 19 ].…”

Thermal Conductivity and Phase Change Properties of Boron Nitride-Lead Oxide Nanoparticles doped Polymer Nanocomposites

“…This effect was related to the reduced Tm of the PS-PEG/BN. Additionally, the interactions between the filler and the matrix decreased the free volume of the polymer chain [35,42].…”

“…In terms of developing the properties needed in structures, these behaviors bring polymers to an important point in multidisciplinary scientific research [33,34]. In the study of Cinan et al, the radiation absorption parameters-the theoretical calculations, the thermal conductivity, the morphological analysis, Tm, Tc, ΔHm, and ΔHc of Portland Cement-HB(PAE-b-PCL)-PU plaster and HB(PAE-b-PCL)-PU/PbO-BN nanocomposites were investigated [35]. When HB(PAE-b-PCL) PU plaster, PbO, and AsO were added to Portland Cement, we found that it increased the properties of the cement as a radiation shielding material and the thermal conductivity values.…”