Gamma Interferon Production Induced by Antigens in Patients with Leprosy and American Cutaneous leishmaniasis

Rada, Elsa; Trujillo, Dinorah; Castellanos, Pedro Luis; Convit, J

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1987.37.520

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…DCL patients have numerous nonulcerative lesions with high numbers of parasites and few lymphocytes. They fail to mount appropriate in vivo and in vitro cellular responses, and produce T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines (Castes et al 1983, Petersen et al 1984, Rada et al 1987Castes et al 1988). In this study, the DCL patients showed poor T cell responsiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…In contrast, MCL patients have destructive lesions of the oral and nasopharyngeal cavities. They have an exacerbated cellular immune response both in vivo and in vitro (Castes et al 1983, Rada et al 1987. There is high migration to lesions of CD4 þ lymphocytes and high production of both Th1 and Th2 associated cytokines (Pirmez et al 1990, Martinez-Arends et al 1991, Caceres-Dittmar et al 1993.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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T cell responses to crude and defined leishmanial antigens in patients from the Lower Amazon region of Brazil infected with different species of Leishmania of the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia

Sílveira

Blackwell

Ishikawa

et al. 1998

Parasite Immunology

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Amazonian localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) is caused by parasites of the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia. Respectively, these parasites may cause diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). This, together with differing skin test responses, suggests some species-specificity in cell mediated immunity. In this study, T cell responses (proliferative and interferon-gamma) to crude and defined antigens were examined in paired samples pre and post chemotherapy. Untreated L. (L.) amazonensis LCL patients showed lower responses to crude leishmanial antigens than the L. (V.) spp. group. L. (V.) braziliensis antigen was a more potent stimulator of T cell responses than L. (L.) amazonensis antigen in all patient groups. Few positive responses were seen to the L. (L.) amazonensis glycoprotein GP46. A substantial proportion of LCL patients did respond to the L. (L.) pifanoi amastigote antigens A2, and the surface membrane glycoprotein P8. DCL patients were poor responders to all leishmanial antigens, except GP46. In contrast, MCL patients were good responders to all antigens except GP46 and A2. A significant rise in the response to P8 and A2 antigen was seen post treatment across all LCL and MCL patients, indicating that these antigens might provide suitable vaccine candidates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T cell responses to crude and defined leishmanial antigens in patients from the Lower Amazon region of Brazil infected with different species of Leishmania of the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia

Sílveira

Blackwell

Ishikawa

et al. 1998

Parasite Immunology

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“…The serum tumour necrosis factor level does not correlate with the disease dissemination in either disease, 5 and interferon production has been found to be low in the lepromatous or anergic form of both conditions. 6 The same model has enabled the study of vaccine development against leprosy and leishmaniasis. 7 Rifampicin and dapsone, the main chemotherapeutic agents against leprosy, are also effective against leishmaniasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Postkala-azar dermal leishmaniasis coexisting with borderline tuberculoid leprosy

et al. 2007

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As in the study by Wiegell and Wulf, 1 at the 12th week follow-up no difference was noted in the noninflammatory lesions, whereas the count of inflammatory lesions had decreased on average by 66% (range 56-81%). All 16 patients completed the trial.To conclude, we believe that the use of MAL reduced to 4% concentration, together with application of low doses of light, may be useful for controlling the side-effects of PDT in acne and have the same efficacy as the higher concentration but with lower costs. Nevertheless, controlled studies are needed on a larger number of patients in order to determine the most effective therapy capable of balancing good efficacy with reduced side-effects. References1 Wiegell SR, Wulf HC. Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris using methyl aminolaevulinate: a blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2006; 154:969-76. 2 Wiegell SR, Wulf HC. Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris using 5-aminolevulinic acid versus methyl aminolevulinate. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54:647-51. 3 Borelli C, Merk K, Plewig G, Degitz K. Light, laser and PDT therapy for acne. Hautarzt 2005; 56:1027-32. 4 Itoh Y, Ninomiya Y, Tajima S, Ishibashi A. Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris with topical delta-aminolaevulinic acid and incoherent light in Japanese patients. Br J Dermatol 2001; 144:575-9.

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“…IFN-g responses to MEL also occurred in the absence of an exaggerated proliferative response. This was important because previous work had suggested that MCL disease was characterized by exaggerated cell-mediated immune responses, measured as leishmanin skin test reactivity in vivo, or proliferative and IFN-g responses in vitro (Convit 1974, Castes et al 1983, Carvalho et al 1985, Rada et al 1987, Castes et al 1988, Convit et al 1993, Silveira et al 1998). The implication of these studies was that enhanced cellmediated immune responses were detrimental, promoting MCL disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy with live BCG plus heat killed Leishmania induces a T helper 1‐like response in American cutaneous leishmaniasis patients

Cabrera

Blackwell

Castes

et al. 2000

Parasite Immunology

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Previous work has shown that American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) patients treated with viable BCG plus heat killed promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis show the same rate of cure as patients receiving conventional chemotherapy. The treatment is safe and economical, but the immunological correlates of cure have not been examined. In the present study, T cell responses have been analysed in 43 ACL patients, including patient groups sampled before and after therapy, and in 10 endemic controls. Lymphocyte proliferation, interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-5 responses to crude antigen (L. amazonensis, MEL; Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPD; M. bovis BCG) stimulation, and serum IL-5 levels, were analysed. In endemic volunteers, proliferative responses to BCG were high and IFN-gamma responses low. In contrast, localized cutaneous (LCL) and mucocutaneous (MCL) patients showed low proliferative and high IFN-gamma responses to BCG. Treatment enhanced the IFN-gamma response and further decreased the proliferative response to BCG, especially in MCL patients. LCL and MCL patients showed an increase in proliferative and IFN-gamma responses to MEL with treatment, but the response was not exaggerated in MCL patients, either before or after treatment, compared to LCL patients. IL-5 production was low in T cell assays, and > 62% of untreated patients had very low serum IL-5 levels. There were no significant changes in serum IL-5 with treatment. Overall results show enhanced antigen-specific IFN-gamma responses to the two components of the immunotherapy, live M. bovis BCG and heat killed L. amazonensis, which is consistent with a shift in balance of T cell response towards a T helper 1 response and clinical cure mediated by IFN-gamma.

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Gamma Interferon Production Induced by Antigens in Patients with Leprosy and American Cutaneous leishmaniasis

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

T cell responses to crude and defined leishmanial antigens in patients from the Lower Amazon region of Brazil infected with different species of Leishmania of the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia

T cell responses to crude and defined leishmanial antigens in patients from the Lower Amazon region of Brazil infected with different species of Leishmania of the subgenera Leishmania and Viannia

Postkala-azar dermal leishmaniasis coexisting with borderline tuberculoid leprosy

Immunotherapy with live BCG plus heat killed Leishmania induces a T helper 1‐like response in American cutaneous leishmaniasis patients

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