Gambling in adolescence: a narrative review of the last 20 years

Frisone, Fabio; Salvatore, Silvia; Sicari, Federica; Merlo, Emanuele Maria

doi:10.1080/10550887.2020.1782557

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Young males were reported to have both greater participation in gambling and gambling problems than females [10,20,21,23,25,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36]46,[48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. Indeed, being male was reported to increase the odds of being a moderate to high risk problem gambler by 25 [19] to 37 times [44].…”

Section: Young Malesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes, Risk Factors, and Behaviours of Gambling among Adolescents and Young People: A Literature Review and Gap Analysis

Riley

Oster

Rahamathulla

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Gambling is occurring in a rapidly changing landscape, with new trends and technologies affecting gambling behaviour and problem gambling across a range of populations. Gambling activity among adolescents and young people has received considerable research attention due to a high prevalence of gambling reported among these groups in recent years. Despite legislation worldwide to constrain gambling among adolescents and young people, modern technology, such as online gaming apps and online gambling venues, has significantly increased their exposure to the risks of problem gambling. It is important, therefore, to have up to date information about what is currently known about gambling and to explore gaps in our knowledge. This gap analysis presents the results of a systematic approach to reviewing the current literature on gambling behaviour, attitudes, and associated risk factors for gambling and problem gambling among adolescents and young adults (aged 10–25 years). The review included studies published between January 2015 and August 2020 and included 85 studies for final synthesis. Findings reveal further research is needed on the implications for young people of emerging technologies and new trends in gambling in the digital age. The current gap analysis reveals that this should include more research on the development and impact of both treatment and intervention strategies, and policy and regulatory frameworks from a public health perspective.

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Section: Young Malesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes, Risk Factors, and Behaviours of Gambling among Adolescents and Young People: A Literature Review and Gap Analysis

Riley

Oster

Rahamathulla

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…A recent systematic review of 44 global studies found that from 0.2% to as many as 12.3% of adolescents meet the criteria for problem gambling, with Croatia leading in the prevalence of gambling-related problems [ 34 ]. The rate of adolescent problem gambling in Croatia increases up to 23.7% when a subsample of male high school students is analysed [ 13 ], reconfirming boys as a population at greater risk for developing gambling-related problems [ 22 , 25 , 29 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. The high gambling participation of Croatian adolescents is also confirmed by the European ESPAD survey, which found that 26.5% of 16-year-olds in Croatia have gambled in the past 12 months (in equal proportions via the internet and at land-based outlets), with Croatia ranking eighth in terms of gambling prevalence among adolescents compared to all 33 European countries that participated in the survey [ 39 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Effectiveness of the Youth Gambling Prevention Program “Who Really Wins?”—Results from the First National Implementation

Hundrić

Mandić

Ricijaš

2021

IJERPH

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As a response to significant adolescent gambling involvement, a Croatian team of researchers and practitioners developed a universal, comprehensive, evidence-based youth gambling prevention program called “Who Really Wins?”. This study presents the results on its short-term effectiveness following the first national implementation in 18 Croatian cities, with a total of 629 high school students (66.5% male) who completed the program. A design with two measurement sessions (pre-test and post-test) was used to explore the short-term effects of the program on gambling-related knowledge and cognition, frequency of gambling, and various socio-emotional skills. The results showed significant effects when it comes to knowledge, cognitive distortions, and the frequency of sports betting and playing lottery games. Furthermore, the program had no harmful effects on any of the measured variables. The results are interpreted in terms of methodological challenges in measuring effects, possible improvements of the program, and implications for future evaluation research.

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“…Our path model provided further evidence that gambling behavior in youth should be read as multidimensional [e.g., 13 , 14 ], i.e., it is important that dispositional, cognitive and social factors are considered together to provide suitable models explaining adolescents’ gambling behavior. Indeed, by integrating results from previous studies that have analyzed the relationships between some of the variables token into account in the current study [e.g., 20 , 23 ], we showed that some cognitive, affective, and environmental factors, i.e., correct gambling knowledge, superstitious thinking exercised direct effects both on gambling-related cognitive distortions and adolescents’ gambling frequency, and parental gambling frequency have a direct effect on adolescents’ gambling frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…It has been attested that adolescent problem gambling is a multidimensional phenomenon [ 13 , 14 ], which can be explained by taking into account the interwoven relationships between individuals and their environment. In detail, adolescents’ risk factors for problem gambling may be classified into two macro-areas, which include individual characteristics and environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental gambling frequency and adolescent gambling: A cross-sectional path model involving adolescents and parents

et al. 2023

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Introduction Nowadays, most of the research studies in the field of adolescent gambling are focused on individual factors related to problem gambling. The aim of this study was to test an integrated model to explain adolescent problem gambling involving both individual (i.e., correct gambling knowledge, superstitious thinking, and gambling-related cognitive distortions) and environmental factors (i.e., parental gambling frequency). In detail, the aim was to better understand the role of parental gambling behavior on adolescents’ gambling frequency and problem gambling severity, to draw indications for prevention. Methods Participants were 680 parents (36% men; Mage = 48.32, SD = 6.14 years) of 680 high school students (51% boys; Mage = 15.51, SD = .55 years) attending the second year of different high schools in Tuscany (Italy). Data collection occurred within the school prevention program PRIZE (Prevention of gambling risk among adolescents). Results A path model showed was conducted to detect direct and indirect effects from individual and environmental factors to gambling problem severity. Analyses showed that correct gambling knowledge and superstitious thinking were directly related–respectively in a negative and a positive direction–both to gambling-related cognitive distortions and adolescents’ gambling frequency. Parental gambling frequency was directly associated with adolescents’ gambling frequency. Correct gambling knowledge and superstitious thinking were indirectly related to adolescents’ gambling problem severity through the mediational role of gambling-related cognitive distortions and gambling frequency. Parental gambling frequency was indirectly linked to gambling problem severity by passing through adolescents’ gambling frequency. Conclusions The current cross-sectional results confirm that parental gambling behavior has an important role for adolescents’ gambling behavior and severity. Thus, results highlight the need for innovative prevention programs which involve adolescents’ adult reference figures and integrate the individual risk and protective factors with the environmental ones.

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Gambling in adolescence: a narrative review of the last 20 years

Cited by 21 publications

References 128 publications

Attitudes, Risk Factors, and Behaviours of Gambling among Adolescents and Young People: A Literature Review and Gap Analysis

Attitudes, Risk Factors, and Behaviours of Gambling among Adolescents and Young People: A Literature Review and Gap Analysis

Short-Term Effectiveness of the Youth Gambling Prevention Program “Who Really Wins?”—Results from the First National Implementation

Parental gambling frequency and adolescent gambling: A cross-sectional path model involving adolescents and parents

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