Galvanostatic Entrapment of Penicillinase into Polytyramine Films and its Utilization for the Potentiometric Determination of Penicillin

Abstract

A sensitive and reliable potentiometric biosensor for determination of penicillin has been developed by exploiting the self-limiting growth of the non-conducting polymer, polytyramine. Optimum polytyramine-penicillinase (PTy-PNCnase) films for potentiometric detection of penicillin were accomplished with monomer solutions which contained 0.03 M tyramine, 37 U/mL penicillinase, 0.01 M KNO3, and 3 mM penicillin with an applied current density of 0.8 mA/cm2 and an electropolymerisation time of 40 seconds. The potentiometric biosensor gave a linear concentration range of 3–283 μM for penicillin and achieved a minimum detectable concentration of 0.3 μM. The biosensor was successfully utilized for the detection of Amoxycillin and gave an average percentage recovery of 102 ± 6%. Satisfactory recoveries of penicillin G were also achieved in milk samples with the potentiometric biosensor when concentrations are ≥20 ppm.

Screening of self-assembled monolayer for aflatoxin B1 detection using immune-capacitive sensor

“…Depending on the characteristics of self-assembled monolayers and electropolymerization solution, the linear range, limit of detection and limit of quantification can be different ( Table 2 ). The main difference in tyramine electropolymerization is due the use of an alkaline solution (methanol/NaOH), which has the characteristic of self-limited growth in electropolymerization [20] , [31] . Introduction of gold nanoparticles assists in expanding the available surface on the electrode, thereby making it possible to immobilize more antibodies.…”

Reagentless Affimer- and antibody-based impedimetric biosensors for CEA-detection using a novel non-conducting polymer

“…Electrochemical biosensors, are the most developed presently and dominate the commercial market where they have been applied in clinical, and other fields (Hammond et al, 2016;Turner, 2013) due to their ease of use and minimal cost (Rushworth et al, 2013b) thick conducting films and it can be difficult to control the redox states of the electropolymerised conducting polymers which leads to impedance instability (Ahmed, 2015;Goode, 2015) (Ahmed et al, 2013;Yuqing et al, 2004). Polytyramine (Goode et al, 2016;Ismail and Adeloju, 2010) and the phenylenediamines (Stejskal, 2015) are typical examples of non-conducting polymers.…”

A natural bacterial strain Bacillus pumilus 16: Identification and antibiotic resistance evaluation

“…The high sensitivity of B. pumilus 16 and all type cultures to cephalexin can be explained by the fact that this antibiotic is resistant to β-lactamases, bacterial enzymes aimed at combating β-lactam antibiotics from the penicillin group. Enrofloxacin, related to fluoroquinolones, is effective against aerobic gram-positive bacteria, to which a new strain belongs (Ismail and Adeloju 2010;Bush and Bradford 2016;Trouchon and Lefebvre 2016).…”