Gallium Trichloride

Yamaguchi, Masahiko; Matsunaga, Shigeki; Shibasaki, Masakatsu; Michelet, Bastien; Bour, Christophe; Gandon, Vincent

doi:10.1002/047084289x.rn00118u.pub3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 79 publications

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“…Two other processes occur at the interface, which have to be taken into account. GaCl 3 is a well‐known Lewis acid and it is soluble in aqueous solution and most organic solvents . Thus, GaCl 3 quickly dissolves after generation at the water/Galinstan interface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

et al. 2018

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Room-temperature gallium-based liquid metals (e. g. Galinstan) are emerging materials for a wide range of applications spanning from soft robotics to a medium for running chemical reactions. However, Galinstan suffers from rapid oxide formation at the surface, limiting its application. Similarly, this surface oxidation renders it difficult to determine the surface free energy of Galinstan. Herein, the interfacial properties of Galinstan in contact with argon, acid, base, water, and organic solvents were investigated, yielding kinetic information regarding the removal by acids and bases, knowledge about oxo-hydroxide/hydroxide species at the Galinstan/water interface, and an estimated value of the dispersive contribution of the surface free energy. The dispersive contribution of the surface free energy of Galinstan was calculated to be (239.7±9.1) mN/m, around 40 % of the total surface free energy. By employing the dispersive surface tension of Galinstan, the interfacial tension between a liquid and Galinstan can be easily obtained, facilitating the design and application of liquid metal-based devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

et al. 2018

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Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX₃ Salts: A Theoretical Study

et al. 2021

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The concept of alkynophilicity is revisited with group 13 MX 3 metal salts (M = In, Ga, Al, B; X = Cl, OTf) using M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) calculations. This study aims at answering why some of these salts show reactivity toward enynes that is similar to that observed with late-transition-metal complexes, notably Au(I) species, and why some of them are inactive. For this purpose, the mechanism of the skeletal reorganization of 1,6-enynes into 1-vinylcyclopentenes has been computed, including monomeric ("standard") and dimeric (superelectrophilic) activation. Those results are confronted with deactivation pathways based on the dissociation of the M−X bond. The role of the X ligand in the stabilization of the intermediate nonclassical carbocation is revealed, and the whole features required to make a good π-Lewis acid are discussed.

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Low-cost synthesis of small molecule acceptors makes polymer solar cells commercially viable

Jia

Zhang

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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The acceptor-donor-acceptor (A–D–A) or A–DA’D–A structured small molecule acceptors (SMAs) have triggered substantial progress for polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the high−cost of the SMAs impedes the commercial viability of such renewable energy, as their synthesis via the classical pyridine-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation usually suffers from low reaction efficiency and tedious purifying work-up. Herein, we developed a simple and cheap boron trifluoride etherate-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation for addressing this challenge, and found that the coupling of the aldehyde-terminated D unit and the A-end groups could be quantitatively finished in the presence of acetic anhydride within 15 minutes at room temperature. Compared with the conventional method, the high reaction efficiency of our method is related to the germinal diacetate pathway that is thermodynamically favorable to give the final products. For those high performing SMAs (such as ITIC-4F and Y6), the cost could be reduced by 50% compared with conventional preparation. In addition to the application in PSCs, our synthetic approach provides a facile and low-cost access to a wide range of D–A organic semiconductors for emerging technologies.

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Gallium Trichloride

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX₃ Salts: A Theoretical Study

Low-cost synthesis of small molecule acceptors makes polymer solar cells commercially viable

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Gallium Trichloride

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

Analysis and Transformations of Room‐Temperature Liquid Metal Interfaces – A Closer Look through Interfacial Tension

Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX3 Salts: A Theoretical Study

Low-cost synthesis of small molecule acceptors makes polymer solar cells commercially viable

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Product

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Alkynophilicity of Group 13 MX₃ Salts: A Theoretical Study