Gallibacterium anatis: An Emerging Pathogen of Poultry Birds and Domiciled Birds

Singh, S. D.; Singh, Bhoj Raj; Sinha, Dharmendra Kumar; Or, Vinodh Kumar; A, Prasanna Vadhana; Bhardwaj, Monika; Dubey, Shashank Kumar

doi:10.4172/2157-7579.1000324

Cited by 16 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…In affected animals, G. anatis is often co-isolated together with other poultry pathogens, which previously left its clinical relevance as a matter of controversy [4,6]. Several studies have however shown that G. anatis infections correlate with decreased egg production and increased mortality in laying hens [7][8][9], leading to the widespread recognition of G. anatis as an emerging threat to chicken egg and meat production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrostatic Filtration Enables Large-Scale Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles That Effectively Protect Chickens against Gallibacterium anatis

et al. 2020

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Gallibacterium anatis is a Gram-negative opportunistic avian pathogen representing an emerging threat to poultry meat and egg production worldwide. To date, no vaccine able to effectively prevent the morbidity associated with G. anatis infections has been developed yet. Our group previously reported that inoculation of different combinations of G. anatis outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), FlfA and GtxA-N proteins is effective in preventing lesions caused by G. anatis infections in layer chickens. Here we report the testing of the efficacy as vaccine prototypes of G. anatis OMVs isolated by hydrostatic filtration, a simple technique that allows the cost-effective isolation of high yields of OMVs. Layer chickens were immunized with OMVs alone or in combination with FlfA and/or GtxA-N proteins. Subsequent challenge with a heterologous G. anatis strain showed that immunization with OMVs alone could significantly reduce the lesions following a G. anatis infection. A second study was carried out to characterize the dose-response (0.25, 2.5 and 25 µg) relationship of G. anatis OMVs as immunogens, showing that 2.5 μg of OMVs represent the optimal dose to elicit protection in the immunized animals after a similar challenge. Additionally, administration of ≥2.5 μg of G. anatis OMVs induced specific IgY titers and possibly vertical transfer of immunity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrostatic Filtration Enables Large-Scale Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles That Effectively Protect Chickens against Gallibacterium anatis

et al. 2020

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“…While common knowledge in virology associates coinfections with a virus coming first followed by a bacterium, the timing in the field may actually be opposite with commensal bacteria that are there first and may become a problem when a virus superinfects the birds (14). Manheimia haemolytica, Gallibacterium anatis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have indeed been identified as commensal bacteria of the upper respiratory tract of poultry, while they may also be found in sick birds either in the presence of a coinfecting pathogen or in difficult environmental conditions (3,5,48,71). In chickens, to avoid interference with other pathogens and in an attempt to ''standardize'' experiments, researchers usually inoculate SPF birds.…”

Section: Timing Of Coinfectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Coinfecting Pathogens: A Review of Experimental Infections in Avian Models

2017

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“…Dose dependent reductions were also evident for the genus Gallibacterium , including G . anastis , a poultry pathogen that results in loss of production via decreased egg production and increased mortality [33]. Gallibacterium were detected in birds on Farm 1 at arrival, however it was not detected by week 19 post arrival in either the control or biochar fed birds and therefore not attributed to biochar inclusion in this case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Feed supplementation with biochar may reduce poultry pathogens, including Campylobacter hepaticus, the causative agent of Spotty Liver Disease

et al. 2019

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Increased global regulation and restrictions on the non-therapeutic use of antibiotics in the poultry industry means that there is a need to identify alternatives that prevent infection while still conveying the growth and performance benefits afforded by their use. Biochars are produced by the incomplete pyrolysis of organic materials, with reports of use as a feed supplement and activity against pathogenic bacteria. In the current study the dose-dependent effects of biochar dietary inclusion in layer diets at 1%, 2% and 4% w/w were investigated to determine a) the efficacy of biochar as an anti-pathogenic additive on the intestinal microbiota and b) the optimal inclusion level. Biochar inclusion for anti-pathogenic effects was found to be most beneficial at 2% w/w. Poultry pathogens such as Gallibacterium anatis and campylobacters, including Campylobacter hepaticus , were found to be significantly lower in biochar fed birds. A shift in microbiota was also associated with the incorporation of 2% w/w biochar in the feed in two large scale trials on two commercial layer farms. Biochar inclusion for anti-pathogenic effects was found to be most beneficial at 2% w/w. Differential effects of the timing of biochar administration (supplementation beginning at hatch or at point of lay) were also evident, with greater impact on community microbial structure at 48 weeks of age when birds were fed from hatch rather than supplemented at point of lay.

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Gallibacterium anatis: An Emerging Pathogen of Poultry Birds and Domiciled Birds

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Hydrostatic Filtration Enables Large-Scale Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles That Effectively Protect Chickens against Gallibacterium anatis

Hydrostatic Filtration Enables Large-Scale Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles That Effectively Protect Chickens against Gallibacterium anatis

Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza and Coinfecting Pathogens: A Review of Experimental Infections in Avian Models

Feed supplementation with biochar may reduce poultry pathogens, including Campylobacter hepaticus, the causative agent of Spotty Liver Disease

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